School teacher teachers her students with the help of a laptop at the rural school (West Bengal, India).

Knowledge Base

This knowledge platform for scholarly publishing is provided by the ECPC. Research and scholarly output included here has been selected and deposited based on its relevance to early childhood development, social cohesion, violence prevention and peace promotion, and more. Additional literature will be added as it becomes available.

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&Peace IE. Global Peace Index 2019: Measuring peace in a complex world. Sydney, Australia: Institute for Economics & Peace; 2019.
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BernardvanLeerFoundation. Young children and families in crisis and displacement: Selected articles from our Early Childhood Matters publication. The Netherlands: Bernard van Leer Foundation; 2019.
Bernhard H, Fischbacher U, Fehr E. Parochial altruism in humans. Nature. 2006;442(7105):912-5.
Berry L., Institute Uo. South African Child Gauge 2013. Children's Institute, University of Cape Town; 2013.
Bershteyn A., Lyons H., Sivam D., Myhrvold N. Association between economic growth and early childhood nutrition. Lancet Glob Health. 2015;3:e79-80.
Berti S, Cigala A, Sharmahd N. Early Childhood Education and Care Physical Environment and Child Development: State of the art and Reflections on Future Orientations and Methodologies. Educational Psychology Review. 2019.
Betancourt T., Borisova I., Williams T., Meyers-Ohki S., Rubin-Smith J., Annan J., et al. Psychosocial adjustment and mental health in former child soldiers--systematic review of the literature and recommendations for future research. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2013;54:17-36.
Betancourt T., McBain R., Newnham E., Brennan R. Trajectories of internalizing problems in war-affected Sierra Leonean youth: examining conflict and postconflict factors. Child Dev. 2013;84:455-70.
Betancourt T., Williams T., Kellner S., Gebre-Medhin J., Hann K., Kayiteshonga Y. Interrelatedness of child health, protection and well-being: an application of the SAFE model in Rwanda. Soc Sci Med. 2012;74:1504-11.
Betancourt T., Fawzi M., Stevenson A., Kanyanganzi F., Kirk C., Ng L., et al. Correction: Ethics in Community-Based Research with Vulnerable Children: Perspectives from Rwanda. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0163384.
Betancourt T.,, de la Soudiere M., Williamson J. Sierra Leone's child soldiers: war exposures and mental health problems by gender. J Adolesc HealthJ Adolesc Health. 2011;49:21-8.
Betancourt T., Meyers-Ohki S., Stevenson A., Ingabire C., Kanyanganzi F., Munyana M., et al. Using Mixed-Methods Research to Adapt and Evaluate a Family Strengthening Intervention in Rwanda. Afr J Trauma Stress. 2011;2:32-45.
Betancourt T., Fawzi M., Stevenson A., Kanyanganzi F., Kirk C., Ng L., et al. Ethics in Community-Based Research with Vulnerable Children: Perspectives from Rwanda. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0157042.
Betancourt T. Attending to the mental health of war-affected children: the need for longitudinal and developmental research perspectives. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011;50:323-5.
Betancourt T., Chambers D. Optimizing an Era of Global Mental Health Implementation Science. JAMA Psychiatry. 2016;73:99-100.
Betancourt T.,, Williams T., Brennan R., Whitfield T., de la Soudiere M., et al. Sierra Leone's former child soldiers: a follow-up study of psychosocial adjustment and community reintegration. Child Dev. 2010;81:1077-95.
Betancourt T. A Longitudinal Study of Psychosocial Adjustment and Community Reintegration among Former Child Soldiers in Sierra Leone. Int Psychiatry. 2010;7:60-62.
Betancourt T., Zuilkowski S., Ravichandran A., Einhorn H., Arora N., A. Chakravarty B, et al. Development of the SAFE Checklist Tool for Assessing Site-Level Threats to Child Protection: Use of Delphi Methods and Application to Two Sites in India. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0141222.
Betancourt T., Brennan R., Rubin-Smith J., Fitzmaurice G., Gilman S. Sierra Leone's former child soldiers: a longitudinal study of risk, protective factors, and mental health. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2010;49:606-15.
Betancourt T., Borisova I, Williams TP, Meyers-Ohki SE, Rubin-Smith JE, Annan J, et al. Psychosocial adjustment and mental health in former child soldiers--systematic review of the literature and recommendations for future research. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2013;54(1):17-36.
Betancourt T., Gilman S., Brennan R., Zahn I., VanderWeele T. Identifying Priorities for Mental Health Interventions in War-Affected Youth: A Longitudinal Study. Pediatrics. 2015;136:e344-50.
Betancourt T., McBain R., Newnham E., Brennan R. Trajectories of internalizing problems in war-affected Sierra Leonean youth: examining conflict and postconflict factors. Child Dev. 2013;84(2):455-70.
Betancourt T., Agnew-Blais J., Gilman S., Williams D., Ellis B. Past horrors, present struggles: the role of stigma in the association between war experiences and psychosocial adjustment among former child soldiers in Sierra Leone. Soc Sci Med. 2010;70:17-26.
Betancourt T., Meyers-Ohki SE, Charrow AP, Tol WA. Interventions for children affected by war: an ecological perspective on psychosocial support and mental health care. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2013;21(2):70-91.
Betancourt T., Speelman L., Onyango G., Bolton P. A qualitative study of mental health problems among children displaced by war in northern Uganda. Transcult PsychiatryTranscult Psychiatry. 2009;46:238-56.
Betancourt T., Frounfelker R., Mishra T., Hussein A., Falzarano R. Addressing health disparities in the mental health of refugee children and adolescents through community-based participatory research: a study in 2 communities. Am J Public Health. 2015;105 Suppl 3:S475-82.
Betancourt T., Simmons S., Borisova I., Brewer S., Iweala U., Soudiere M. High Hopes, Grim Reality: Reintegration and the Education of Former Child Soldiers in Sierra Leone. Comp Educ Rev. 2008;52:565-587.
Betancourt T., McBain R., Newnham E., Brennan R. The intergenerational impact of war: longitudinal relationships between caregiver and child mental health in postconflict Sierra Leone. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2015;56:1101-7.
Betancourt T., Khan K. The mental health of children affected by armed conflict: protective processes and pathways to resilience. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2008;20:317-28.
Betancourt T. The intergenerational effect of war. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015;72:199-200.
Betancourt T. Child soldiers: reintegration, pathways to recovery, and reflections from the field. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2008;29:138-41.
Betancourt TS, Jensen SK, Barnhart DA, Brennan RT, Murray SM, Yousafzai AK, et al. Promoting parent-child relationships and preventing violence via home-visiting: a pre-post cluster randomised trial among Rwandan families linked to social protection programmesAbstractBackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionsTrial registration. BMC Public Health. 2020;20(1).
Betancourt T., Williams T. Building an evidence base on mental health interventions for children affected by armed conflict. Intervention (Amstelveen). 2008;6:39-56.
Betancourt T., McBain R., Newnham E., Akinsulure-Smith A., Brennan R., Weisz J., et al. A behavioral intervention for war-affected youth in Sierra Leone: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc PsychiatryJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2014;53:1288-97.
Betancourt T., Abdi S., Ito B., Lilienthal G., Agalab N., Ellis H. We left one war and came to another: resource loss, acculturative stress, and caregiver-child relationships in Somali refugee families. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2015;21:114-25.
Betancourt T., Yang F., Bolton P., Normand S. Developing an African youth psychosocial assessment: an application of item response theory. Int J Methods Psychiatr Res. 2014;23:142-60.
Betancourt T., Fazel M. Commentary: Advancing an implementation science agenda on mental health and psychosocial responses in war-affected settings: comment on trials of a psychosocial intervention for youth affected by the Syrian crisis - by Panter-Brick et al. (2018). J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2018;59:542-544.
Betancourt T., McBain R., Newnham E., Brennan R. Context matters: community characteristics and mental health among war-affected youth in Sierra Leone. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2014;55:217-26.
Betancourt T., Shaahinfar A., Kellner S., Dhavan N., Williams T. A qualitative case study of child protection issues in the Indian construction industry: investigating the security, health, and interrelated rights of migrant families. BMC Public Health. 2013;13:858.
Betancourt T., Newnham E., McBain R., Brennan R. Post-traumatic stress symptoms among former child soldiers in Sierra Leone: follow-up study. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;203:196-202.
Betancourt T., Thomson D., VanderWeele T. War-Related Traumas and Mental Health Across Generations. JAMA Psychiatry. 2018;75:5-6.
Betancourt T., Meyers-Ohki S., Charrow A., Tol W. Interventions for children affected by war: an ecological perspective on psychosocial support and mental health care. Harv Rev PsychiatryHarv Rev Psychiatry. 2013;21:70-91.
Betancourt T., Newnham E., Birman D., Lee R., Ellis B., Layne C. Comparing Trauma Exposure, Mental Health Needs, and Service Utilization Across Clinical Samples of Refugee, Immigrant, and U.S.-Origin Children. J Trauma Stress. 2017;30:209-218.
Betancourt T., Newnham E., Layne C., Kim S., Steinberg A., Ellis H., et al. Trauma history and psychopathology in war-affected refugee children referred for trauma-related mental health services in the United States. J Trauma Stress. 2012;25:682-90.
Betancourt T., Scorza P., Meyers-Ohki S., Mushashi C., Kayiteshonga Y., Binagwaho A., et al. Validating the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children in Rwanda. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2012;51:1284-92.
Betancourt T., Newnham E., Brennan R., Verdeli H., Borisova I., Neugebauer R., et al. Moderators of treatment effectiveness for war-affected youth with depression in northern Uganda. J Adolesc Health. 2012;51:544-50.
Bethell C., Carle A., Hudziak J., Gombojav N., Powers K., Wade R., et al. Methods to Assess Adverse Childhood Experiences of Children and Families: Toward Approaches to Promote Child Well-being in Policy and Practice. Academic pediatrics. 2017;17:S51-s69.
Bethlehem RA, Baron-Cohen S, van Honk J, Auyeung B, Bos PA. The oxytocin paradox. Front Behav Neurosci. 2014;8:48.
Bhandari N., Karkara R. Regional Capacity Building Workshop on Men,Caring and Fatherhood.. Kathmandu: Save the Children Sweden; 2005.
Bhopal S, Verma D, Roy R, Divan G, Hill Z, Kirkwood B. Mothers explanatory models of infant stress & adversity in rural Haryana, India: qualitative findings from the Early Life Stress sub-study of the SPRING cluster-randomised controlled trial (SPRING-ELS). Wellcome Open Research. 2018;3:153.
Bianco J. Synthesis Report: Language Education and Social Cohesion (LESC) Initiative in Malaysia, Myanmar and Thailand. UNICEF East Asia and Pacific Regional Office 2016; 2016.

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