<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BernardvanLeerFoundation</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young children and families in crisis and displacement: Selected articles from our Early Childhood Matters publication</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forced displacement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">refugee and migrant children</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">refugee families</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://bernardvanleer.org/app/uploads/2019/12/BVLF19_ECM_booklet_ENG_digital.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bernard van Leer Foundation</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Netherlands</style></pub-location><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;div&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://bernardvanleer.org/app/uploads/2019/12/BVLF19_ECM_booklet_ENG_digital.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;/sites/default/files/images/BVLF19_ECM_booklet_ENG_digital-1.png&quot; style=&quot;width:250px; height:306px&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B. J. Bushman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K. Newman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youth Violence: What We Need to Know. Report of the Subcommittee on Youth Violence of the Advisory Committee to the Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Directorate</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.nsf.gov/sbe/reports/Youth_Violence_What_We_Need_To_Know.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Science Foundation</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arlington</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dahlberg, L. L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potter, L. B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youth violence. Developmental pathways and prevention challenges</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Am J Prev Med</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American journal of preventive medicine</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">American journal of preventive medicineAmerican journal of preventive medicine</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Psychology, Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Homicide/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juvenile Delinquency/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Violence/prevention &amp; control/*psychology/statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 Suppl</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001/01/09</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-14</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0749-3797 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;0749-3797</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youth violence is an important public health problem. During the latter half of the 1980s and early 1990s, the United States witnessed unprecedented levels of violence among the nation's youths. Homicide remains one of the leading causes of death for young people aged 10 to 24 years. This paper reviews the major trends in homicide victimization and perpetration among youths during the past decade, the developmental pathways of delinquent and violent behavior and the context in which these behaviors occur, and some of the challenges associated with disrupting these pathways and preventing violence. Previous research reveals that multiple pathways lead toward violence and delinquency. Predicting which pathway a youth will follow, or if one will be followed at all, depends to some extent on a host of other biological, psychosocial, and environmental factors present as young people transition from early childhood to adolescence to early adulthood. Preventing violence requires a comprehensive approach that takes into account developmental needs, tasks, and supports.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11146255</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dahlberg, L L&lt;br/&gt;Potter, L B&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;Review&lt;br/&gt;Netherlands&lt;br/&gt;Am J Prev Med. 2001 Jan;20(1 Suppl):3-14.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Division of Violence Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA. ldahlberg@cdc.gov</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newnham, E. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pearson, R. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stein, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betancourt, T. S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youth mental health after civil war: the importance of daily stressors</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Br J Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Warfare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression/complications/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Longitudinal Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models, Statistical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/complications/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress, Psychological/complications/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">206</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">116-21</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1472-1465 (Electronic)&lt;br/&gt;0007-1250 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that post-conflict stressors in addition to war trauma play an important role in the development of psychopathology. AIMS: To investigate whether daily stressors mediate the association between war exposure and symptoms of post-traumatic stress and depression among war-affected youth. METHOD: Standardised assessments were conducted with 363 Sierra Leonean youth (26.7% female, mean age 20.9, s.d. = 3.38) 6 years post-war. RESULTS: The extent of war exposures was significantly associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms (P&lt;0.05) and a significant proportion was explained by indirect pathways through daily stressors (0.089, 95% CI 0.04-0.138, P&lt;0.001). In contrast, there was little evidence for an association from war exposure to depression scores (P = 0.127); rather any association was explained via indirect pathways through daily stressors (0.103, 95% CI 0.048-0.158, P&lt;0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Among war-affected youth, the association between war exposure and psychological distress was largely mediated by daily stressors, which have potential for modification with evidence-based intervention.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25497299</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newnham, Elizabeth A&lt;br/&gt;Pearson, Rebecca M&lt;br/&gt;Stein, Alan&lt;br/&gt;Betancourt, Theresa S&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;097822/Z/11/ZR/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;England&lt;br/&gt;2014/12/17 06:00&lt;br/&gt;Br J Psychiatry. 2015 Feb;206(2):116-21. doi: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.146324. Epub 2014 Dec 11.</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4312966</style></custom2><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elizabeth A. Newnham, MPsych(Clin), PhD, Francois Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA and School of Psychology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Rebecca M. Pearson, PhD, School of Social and Community Medicine, Bristol University, Bristol, UK; Alan Stein, MB, BCh, MA, FRCPsych, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Theresa S. Betancourt, MA, ScD, Francois Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights and Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newnham, E. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McBain, R. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hann, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akinsulure-Smith, A. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weisz, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lilienthal, G. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hansen, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betancourt, T. S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Youth Readiness Intervention for war-affected youth</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Adolesc Health</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety/etiology/therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognitive Therapy/*methods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression/etiology/therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feasibility Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pilot Projects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Post-conflict</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychotherapy intervention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sierra Leone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/etiology/psychology/*therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">War Exposure/*adverse effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">War-affected</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">youth</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">606-11</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1879-1972 (Electronic)&lt;br/&gt;1054-139X (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PURPOSE: Mental disorders are among the largest contributors to the global burden of disease. Since the cessation of the Sierra Leonean civil war in 2002, there have been few mental health resources available for war-affected youth. Co-occurring psychological problems are commonly reported by youth in the post-conflict setting, suggesting a need for evidence-based interventions that cater to comorbid psychological difficulties. This feasibility study outlines the implementation and evaluation of a mixed-methods approach for developing and piloting a culturally grounded group mental health treatment-the Youth Readiness Intervention (YRI)-for war-affected Sierra Leonean youth. METHODS: Participating youth (N = 32; 50% female; ages, 15-24 years) were allocated to one of four gender- and age-stratified groups, facilitated by gender-matched Sierra Leonean interventionists. The intervention comprised adapted cognitive behavioral therapy techniques to address issues pertinent to war-affected youth. Analyses comprised assessments of reliable symptom change, mental health, functional adaptation, and interventionist fidelity outcomes. RESULTS: The YRI was found to be acceptable, feasible and associated with reliable changes in internalizing and externalizing symptoms and improvements in functional impairments and emotion regulation (mean effect size, d = .64). CONCLUSIONS: Youth struggling with the mental health consequences of past trauma due to war merit special attention. The YRI presents a feasible and acceptable intervention for use in this low resource setting. A randomized controlled trial is planned to further test intervention effectiveness and scalability.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26003574</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Newnham, Elizabeth A&lt;br/&gt;McBain, Ryan K&lt;br/&gt;Hann, Katrina&lt;br/&gt;Akinsulure-Smith, Adeyinka M&lt;br/&gt;Weisz, John&lt;br/&gt;Lilienthal, Grace M&lt;br/&gt;Hansen, Nathan&lt;br/&gt;Betancourt, Theresa S&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;2015/05/25 06:00&lt;br/&gt;J Adolesc Health. 2015 Jun;56(6):606-11. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.01.020.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; School of Psychology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia.&lt;br/&gt;Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.&lt;br/&gt;Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.&lt;br/&gt;Department of Psychology, City College of New York, New York, New York.&lt;br/&gt;Department of Psychiatry, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.&lt;br/&gt;Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.&lt;br/&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behavior, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.&lt;br/&gt;Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: Theresa_Betancourt@harvard.edu.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sadeh, Avi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hen-Gal, Shai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tikotzky, Liat</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young children's reactions to war-related stress: a survey and assessment of an innovative intervention.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatrics</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatrics</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adaptation, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case-Control Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intervention Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interviews as Topic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Israel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Probability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychotherapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reference Values</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Severity of Illness Index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">War</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008 Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">121</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">46-53</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;OBJECTIVE: The goal was to assess stress reactions in young children during and after war and the effects of a new brief intervention.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;METHODS: Two separate studies were conducted. In study I, we assessed war exposure and stress reactions of 74 children (2-7 years of age) in a sheltered camp during the second Israel-Lebanon war (July to August 2006). Their exposure to war experiences and their stress reactions were assessed through parental reports during the last week of the war. In addition to standard care, 35 children received a brief intervention (Huggy-Puppy intervention) aimed at encouraging them to care for a needy Huggy-Puppy doll that was given to them as a gift. The effects of the Huggy-Puppy intervention were assessed in a follow-up interview 3 weeks after the war. Study II assessed the efficacy of group administration of the Huggy-Puppy intervention to 191 young children, compared with 101 control subjects. The effects of the intervention on stress-related symptoms after the war were assessed in telephone interviews with the parents.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;RESULTS: Study I indicated that, during the war, most children had significant exposure to war-related experiences and had severe stress reactions. The Huggy-Puppy intervention was associated with significant reductions in stress reactions in the postwar assessment. A higher level of attachment and involvement with the doll was associated with better outcomes. The results of study II indicated that group administration of the Huggy-Puppy intervention was associated with significant reductions in stress reactions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;CONCLUSION: These studies suggest that the Huggy-Puppy intervention may offer pediatricians and other child health care professionals a promising, cost-effective intervention for children during stressful times.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UnitedNationsSecurityCouncil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youth and peace and security. Report of the Secretary-General</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peace</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United Nations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">youth leadership</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://undocs.org/en/S/2020/167?fbclid=IwAR2NWS8hKdKWwgPNLWJp3o1fhJDwLF4UxJX2U73tPCWKRozRytjCwP0oKC4</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United Nations</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York City</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record></records></xml>