<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abu-Nimer, Mohammed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nasser, Ilham</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leckman, James F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Panter-Brick, Catherine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salah, Rima</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linking peacebuilding and child development: A basic framework</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pathways to peace: The transformative power of children and families</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conflict resolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early childhood interventions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peace education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peacebuilding</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://direct.mit.edu/books/edited-volume/3682/Pathways-to-PeaceThe-Transformative-Power-of</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The MIT Press</style></publisher><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">323 - 338</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This chapter addresses debates in the field of peacebuilding, with a focus on conflict resolution and peace education. Strategies in conflict resolution and peace education which can be applied as mechanisms to promote peace-oriented behaviors in young children are shared. Peace education studies conducted in the early years of life are reviewed and a call for investment in education programs that promote healthy children in peaceful communities is advocated. This chapter encourages dialog on best methods and strategies to utilize the knowledge in peacebuilding and conflict resolution in early childhood development.</style></abstract><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Affolter, Friedrich W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azaryeva Valente, Anna</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balvin, Nikola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christie, Daniel J.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Learning for Peace: Lessons learned from UNICEF’s Peacebuilding, Education, and Advocacy in Conflict-Affected Context Programme</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-22176-8</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Springer International Publishing</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cham</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">219 - 239</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">978-3-030-22175-1</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-22176-8&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;/sites/default/files/images/9783030221751.png&quot; style=&quot;width:250px; height:376px; float:left; margin:5px&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aflatoun</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life skills and financial education for peace</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">harmony</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peace</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peacebuilder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">serenity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Violence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">War</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.aflatoun.org/curricula/life-skills-financial-education-peace/</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aflatoun International</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.aflatoun.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Peace-curriculum-Sample.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;/sites/default/files/images/Peace-curriculum-Sample-1.png&quot; style=&quot;width: 250px; height: 354px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alderman, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long term consequences of early childhood malnutrition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxford Economic Papers</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxford Economic Papers</style></short-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar-04-2006</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://oep.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/oep/gpl008</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">58</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">450 - 474</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amstutz, L.S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mullet, J.H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Little Book of Restorative Discipline for Schools: Teaching Responsibility, Creating Caring Climates</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Little_Book_of_Restorative_Disciplin.html?id=TKzZAAAAMAAJ</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Good Books</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9781561485062</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anacker, Allison M J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beery, Annaliese K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life in groups: the roles of oxytocin in mammalian sociality.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Front Behav Neurosci</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Front Behav Neurosci</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;In recent decades, scientific understanding of the many roles of oxytocin (OT) in social behavior has advanced tremendously. The focus of this research has been on maternal attachments and reproductive pair-bonds, and much less is known about the substrates of sociality outside of reproductive contexts. It is now apparent that OT influences many aspects of social behavior including recognition, trust, empathy, and other components of the behavioral repertoire of social species. This review provides a comparative perspective on the contributions of OT to life in mammalian social groups. We provide background on the functions of OT in maternal attachments and the early social environment, and give an overview of the role of OT circuitry in support of different mating systems. We then introduce peer relationships in group-living rodents as a means for studying the importance of OT in non-reproductive affiliative behaviors. We review species differences in oxytocin receptor (OTR) distributions in solitary and group-living species of South American tuco-tucos and in African mole-rats, as well as singing mice. We discuss variation in OTR levels with seasonal changes in social behavior in female meadow voles, and the effects of OT manipulations on peer huddling behavior. Finally, we discuss avenues of promise for future investigation, and relate current findings to research in humans and non-human primates. There is growing evidence that OT is involved in social selectivity, including increases in aggression toward social outgroups and decreased huddling with unfamiliar individuals, which may support existing social structures or relationships at the expense of others. OT&amp;#39;s effects reach beyond maternal attachment and pair bonds to play a role in affiliative behavior underlying &amp;quot;friendships&amp;quot;, organization of broad social structures, and maintenance of established social relationships with individuals or groups.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van IJzendoorn, Marinus H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juffer, Femmie</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Less is more: meta-analyses of sensitivity and attachment interventions in early childhood.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychol Bull</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychol Bull</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behavior Therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-Sectional Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Family Therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Object Attachment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parenting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Personality Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2003 Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">file:///C:/Users/njf7/Downloads/Bakermans2003.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">129</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">195-215</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Is early preventive intervention effective in enhancing parental sensitivity and infant attachment security, and if so, what type of intervention is most successful? Seventy studies were traced, producing 88 intervention effects on sensitivity (n = 7,636) and/or attachment (n = 1,503). Randomized interventions appeared rather effective in changing insensitive parenting (d = 0.33) and infant attachment insecurity (d = 0.20). The most effective interventions used a moderate number of sessions and a clear-cut behavioral focus in families with, as well as without, multiple problems. Interventions that were more effective in enhancing parental sensitivity were also more effective in enhancing attachment security, which supports the notion of a causal role of sensitivity in shaping attachment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betancourt, T. S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Longitudinal Study of Psychosocial Adjustment and Community Reintegration among Former Child Soldiers in Sierra Leone</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Int Psychiatry</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jul</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-62</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1749-3676 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;1749-3676 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25309620</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betancourt, Theresa S&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;K01 MH077246/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/&lt;br/&gt;England&lt;br/&gt;2010/07/01 00:00&lt;br/&gt;Int Psychiatry. 2010 Jul;7(3):60-62.</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4189185</style></custom2><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chan, Margaret</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linking child survival and child development for health, equity, and sustainable development.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancet</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Mortality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Welfare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation of Natural Resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Problems</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013 May 4</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">381</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1514-5</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9877</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chan, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linking child survival and child development for health, equity, and sustainable development</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancet</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancet (London, England)</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Mortality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Welfare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Social Problems/prevention &amp; control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conservation of Natural Resources</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 4</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9877</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013/05/07</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">381</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1514-5</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0140-6736</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23642687</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1474-547x&lt;br/&gt;Chan, Margaret&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;England&lt;br/&gt;Lancet. 2013 May 4;381(9877):1514-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60944-7.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">World Health Organization, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. porria@who.int</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chopra, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnan, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linking family-friendly policies to women's economic empowerment. An evidence brief</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">childcare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">family-friendly policies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gender equality</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parental leave</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">women's economic empowerment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.unicef.org/sites/default/files/2019-07/UNICEF-Gender-Family-Friendly-Policies-2019.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York, NY</style></pub-location><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.unicef.org/sites/default/files/2019-07/UNICEF-Gender-Family-Friendly-Policies-2019.pdf&quot;&gt;&lt;img alt=&quot;&quot; src=&quot;/sites/default/files/images/UNICEF-Gender-Family-Friendly-Policies-2019-1.png&quot; style=&quot;width: 250px; height: 324px;&quot; /&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chugani, H T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behen, M E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muzik, O</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juhász, C</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagy, F</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chugani, D C</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Local brain functional activity following early deprivation: a study of postinstitutionalized Romanian orphans.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroimage</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroimage</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adoption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amygdala</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood Glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Mapping</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain Stem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerebral Cortex</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Behavior Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Institutionalized</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluorodeoxyglucose F18</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hippocampus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intellectual Disability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orphanages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychosocial Deprivation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Romania</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1290-301</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	Early global deprivation of institutionalized children may result in persistent specific cognitive and behavioral deficits. In order to examine brain dysfunction underlying these deficits, we have applied positron emission tomography using 2-deoxy-2-[(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose in 10 children (6 males, 4 females, mean age 8.8 years) adopted from Romanian orphanages. Using statistical parametric mapping (SPM), the pattern of brain glucose metabolism in the orphans was compared to the patterns obtained from two control groups: (i) a group of 17 normal adults (9 males, 8 females, mean age 27.6 years) and (ii) a group of 7 children (5 males and 2 females, mean age 10.7 years) with medically refractory focal epilepsy, but normal glucose metabolism pattern in the contralateral hemisphere. Consistent with previous studies of children adopted from Romanian orphanages, neuropsychological assessment of Romanian orphans in the present study showed mild neurocognitive impairment, impulsivity, and attention and social deficits. Comparing the normalized glucose metabolic rates to those of normal adults, the Romanian orphans showed significantly decreased metabolism bilaterally in the orbital frontal gyrus, the infralimbic prefrontal cortex, the medial temporal structures (amygdala and head of hippocampus), the lateral temporal cortex, and the brain stem. These findings were confirmed using a region-of-interest approach. SPM analysis showed significantly decreased glucose metabolism in the same brain regions comparing the orphans to the nonepileptic hemisphere of the childhood epilepsy controls. Dysfunction of these brain regions may result from the stress of early global deprivation and may be involved in the long-term cognitive and behavioral deficits displayed by some Romanian orphans.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crick, N. R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ostrov, J. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Werner, N. E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A longitudinal study of relational aggression, physical aggression, and children's social-psychological adjustment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Abnorm Child Psychol</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Aggression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Interpersonal Relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Social Adjustment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case-Control Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Behavior Disorders/epidemiology/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comorbidity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juvenile Delinquency/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Longitudinal Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Midwestern United States/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multivariate Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychophysiologic Disorders/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Violence/psychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2006</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16741683</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">34</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">131-42</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0091-0627 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;0091-0627 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Although great strides have recently been made in our understanding of relational aggression and its consequences, one significant limitation has been the lack of prospective studies. The present research addressed this issue by identifying and assessing groups of relationally aggressive, physically aggressive, relationally plus physically aggressive (co-morbid), and nonaggressive children during their third grade year in elementary school and then reassessing them a year later, during fourth-grade (N = 224, 113 girls). Two aspects of social-psychological adjustment were assessed during both assessment periods including internalizing difficulties (i.e., withdrawal, depression/anxiety, and somatic complaints) and externalizing problems (i.e., aggressive behavior, delinquency). It was revealed that the strongest predictor of future social-psychological adjustment problems and increases in these problems from third to fourth was the combination of relational and physical aggression. Relational aggression also contributed unique information, relative to physical aggression, in the prediction of future maladjustment. Implications of these findings for future research and prevention efforts, particularly for aggressive girls, are discussed.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16741683</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crick, Nicki R&lt;br/&gt;Ostrov, Jamie M&lt;br/&gt;Werner, Nicole E&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;Comparative Study&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.&lt;br/&gt;2006/06/03 09:00&lt;br/&gt;J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2006 Apr;34(2):131-42. Epub 2006 Apr 26.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, 51 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. crick001@umn.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dawes, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. Ward</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marindo, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaisie, S.K.</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Levels, Trends, and Determinants of Child Maltreatment in the Western Cape Province</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The State of the Population in the Western Cape Province</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://books.google.com/books?id=i9snAQAAIAAJ</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HSRC Press</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cape Town</style></pub-location><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97 - 125</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9780796922267</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(South Africa)</style></notes></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dawes, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. Biersteker</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L. Hendricks.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lifalabantwana Sobambisana Initiative Partner Evaluation Report: The Ntataise Trust Play Group, Parent Support and Teacher Enrichment Programmes Rammulotsi/Viljoenskroon, Northern Free State.</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://ilifalabantwana.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/ntataise-report-web.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dewey, K. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Begum, K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term consequences of stunting in early life</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matern Child Nutr</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Developing Countries</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Africa/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asia/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Height</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dietary Supplements</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latin America/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malnutrition/complications/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7 Suppl 3</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-18</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1740-8709 (Electronic)&lt;br/&gt;1740-8695 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This review summarizes the impact of stunting, highlights recent research findings, discusses policy and programme implications and identifies research priorities. There is growing evidence of the connections between slow growth in height early in life and impaired health and educational and economic performance later in life. Recent research findings, including follow-up of an intervention trial in Guatemala, indicate that stunting can have long-term effects on cognitive development, school achievement, economic productivity in adulthood and maternal reproductive outcomes. This evidence has contributed to the growing scientific consensus that tackling childhood stunting is a high priority for reducing the global burden of disease and for fostering economic development. Follow-up of randomized intervention trials is needed in other regions to add to the findings of the Guatemala trial. Further research is also needed to: understand the pathways by which prevention of stunting can have long-term effects; identify the pathways through which the non-genetic transmission of nutritional effects is mediated in future generations; and determine the impact of interventions focused on linear growth in early life on chronic disease risk in adulthood.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">21929633</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dewey, Kathryn G&lt;br/&gt;Begum, Khadija&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;Review&lt;br/&gt;England&lt;br/&gt;2011/10/05 06:00&lt;br/&gt;Matern Child Nutr. 2011 Oct;7 Suppl 3:5-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8709.2011.00349.x.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Nutrition and Program in International and Community Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. kgdewey@ucdavis.edu</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>5</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eggerman, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Panter-Brick, C</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jennifer Heath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashraf Zahedi</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life Feeds on Hope: Family mental health, culture, and resilience</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Children of Afghanistan: The Path to Peace</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://utpress.utexas.edu/index.php/books/heachi</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Texas Press</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">226-238</style></volume><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feinberg, Mark E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jones, Damon E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roettger, Michael E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solmeyer, Anna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hostetler, Michelle L</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term follow-up of a randomized trial of family foundations: effects on children's emotional, behavioral, and school adjustment.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Fam Psychol</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Fam Psychol</style></alt-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">821-31</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This study examines long-term effects of a transition to parenthood program, Family Foundations, designed to enhance child outcomes through a strategic focus on supporting the coparenting relationship. Roughly 5 to 7 years after baseline (pregnancy), parent and teacher reports of internalizing and externalizing problems and school adjustment were collected by mail for 98 children born to couples enrolled in the randomized trial. Teachers reported significantly lower levels of internalizing problems among children in the intervention group compared with children in the control group and, consistent with prior findings at age 3, lower levels of externalizing problems for boys in the intervention group. Baseline level of observed couple negative communication moderated intervention effects for parent and teacher report of child adjustment and teacher report of school adjustment and adaptation. Effect sizes ranged from 0.40 to 0.98. Results indicate that relatively brief preventive programs for couples at the transition to parenthood have the capacity to promote long-term positive benefits for children&amp;#39;s adjustment. Although we attended to missing data issues in several ways, high levels of attrition in this long-term follow-up study is a cause for caution.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gertler, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heckman, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pinto, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zanolini, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vermeersch, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Walker, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chang, S. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grantham-McGregor, S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Labor market returns to an early childhood stimulation intervention in Jamaica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science (New York, N.Y.)</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Science (New York, N.Y.)Science (New York, N.Y.)</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cognition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Developing Countries/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early Intervention (Education)/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emotions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Employment/*economics/trends</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jamaica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mother-Child Relations/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parenting/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salaries and Fringe Benefits/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 30</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6187</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014/05/31</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">344</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">998-1001</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0036-8075</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A substantial literature shows that U.S. early childhood interventions have important long-term economic benefits. However, there is little evidence on this question for developing countries. We report substantial effects on the earnings of participants in a randomized intervention conducted in 1986-1987 that gave psychosocial stimulation to growth-stunted Jamaican toddlers. The intervention consisted of weekly visits from community health workers over a 2-year period that taught parenting skills and encouraged mothers and children to interact in ways that develop cognitive and socioemotional skills. The authors reinterviewed 105 out of 129 study participants 20 years later and found that the intervention increased earnings by 25%, enough for them to catch up to the earnings of a nonstunted comparison group identified at baseline (65 out of 84 participants).</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24876490</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1095-9203&lt;br/&gt;Gertler, Paul&lt;br/&gt;Heckman, James&lt;br/&gt;Pinto, Rodrigo&lt;br/&gt;Zanolini, Arianna&lt;br/&gt;Vermeersch, Christel&lt;br/&gt;Walker, Susan&lt;br/&gt;Chang, Susan M&lt;br/&gt;Grantham-McGregor, Sally&lt;br/&gt;R01 HD054702/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;R37 HD065072/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;R01HD54702/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;R37HD065072/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;Randomized Controlled Trial&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;United States&lt;br/&gt;Science. 2014 May 30;344(6187):998-1001. doi: 10.1126/science.1251178.</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PMC4574862</style></custom2><custom6><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NIHMS722330</style></custom6><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER), Cambridge, MA, USA. gertler@haas.berkeley.edu.&lt;br/&gt;University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. American Bar Foundation, Chicago, IL, USA. Institute for Fiscal Studies, University College London, London, UK.&lt;br/&gt;University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.&lt;br/&gt;The World Bank, Washington, DC, USA.&lt;br/&gt;The University of The West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica.&lt;br/&gt;University College London, London, UK.</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grosse, S. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roy, K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term economic effect of early childhood nutrition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lancet</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Nutritional Status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Employment/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salaries and Fringe Benefits/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb 2</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9610</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">371</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">365-6</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1474-547X (Electronic)&lt;br/&gt;0140-6736 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18242398</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grosse, Scott D&lt;br/&gt;Roy, Kakoli&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;Comment&lt;br/&gt;Multicenter Study&lt;br/&gt;England&lt;br/&gt;2008/02/05 09:00&lt;br/&gt;Lancet. 2008 Feb 2;371(9610):365-6. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60180-4.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. sgrosse@cdc.gov</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kağıtçıbaşı,Ç.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunar, D.,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bekman, S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term effects of early intervention: Turkish low-income mothers and children</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Appl Dev Psychol</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early enrichmen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intervention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parental involvement</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/64f1/7c7befc87693172fe8129fce31e4ef0f1caa.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333-361</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This study looks at the long-term effects of an educational early learning home environment in Istanbul, Turkey. Researchers examined preschool settings to determine the long-term effects of four different environments: non-educational child care, educational nursery schools, and two types of home careÐone involving mothers who received the intervention and one in which mothers simply provided home-based care. The results suggested that mother training and an educational preschool environment both had positive effects on cognitive development and grades in language and mathematics. Mother training also had a significant effect on general ability scores. Both interventions (educational preschool and mother training) were effective in cognitive outcomes. In homes in which the mothers took part in the training program there were additional gains, possibly caused by positive changes in the mother herself, which then affected her relationship with the child and family. A total of 280 children from lower income families participated in the study; researchers assigned them randomly to treatment groups. For the intervention researchers adapted the HIPPY ProgramÐHome Instruction Program for Preschool YoungstersÐto provide cognitive awareness and learning activities and supplemented it with group discussions and other parent supports for strengthening home communication skills. They then assessed the children on cognitive skills and grades at the end of each grade level up to age 15 and analyzed data to look for differences that were most likely to result from the preschool environment. The authors indicate that much first year data was lost as a result of computer failure. In almost one-third of homes where parent training did not occur, report cards were lost, so data were incomplete. Regardless, the researchers seemed to have accounted for circumstance and designed a rigorous study that contributes to what communities need to know about quality early care and education.</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kâğıtçıbaşı, Ç.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunar, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bekman, S.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term effects of early intervention: Turkish low-income mothers and children</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Appl Dev Psychol</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Appl Dev PsycholJ Appl Dev Psychol</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">competence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">delinquency</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early enrichment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early-childhood intervention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">experience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">family support</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">follow-up</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">intervention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">parental involvement</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">prevention</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">school</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/64f1/7c7befc87693172fe8129fce31e4ef0f1caa.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333-361</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0193-3973</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The two studies reported in this paper comprise the Turkish Early Enrichment Project (TEEP) spanning a period of 10 years. Both studies were conducted with mothers and children in low-income, low-education areas of Istanbul. Study I involved an examination over 4 years of the effects of two different types of early enrichment (intervention), child-focused (center-based) and mother-focused (home-based). Study 2 was a follow-up of Study 1, 7 years after the end of project intervention. Although both interventions produced superior cognitive skills and school adjustment at the end of the program, follow-up assessments in Study 2 revealed that parent-focused intervention had numerous sustained effects in terms of school attainment, higher primary school grades and vocabulary scores, more favorable attitudes towards school, and better family and social adjustment, while most effects of center-based intervention had dissipated (with the notable exception of negative effects of custodial, as opposed to educational, day care). It is concluded that home-based early enrichment through the mediation of the mother is a highly effective strategy with multiple positive outcomes in contexts of socioeconomic disadvantage. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WOS:000170691600001</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">467fk&lt;br/&gt;Times Cited:61&lt;br/&gt;Cited References Count:62</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kagitcibasi, C&lt;br/&gt;Koc Univ, Coll Arts &amp; Sci, Sariyer, TR-80910 Istanbul, Turkey&lt;br/&gt;Koc Univ, Coll Arts &amp; Sci, Sariyer, TR-80910 Istanbul, Turkey&lt;br/&gt;Koc Univ, Coll Arts &amp; Sci, TR-80910 Istanbul, Turkey&lt;br/&gt;Bogazici Univ, Istanbul, Turkey</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leckman, James F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponguta, Liliana Angelica</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pavarini, Gabriela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hein, Sascha D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">McCarthy, Michael F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staiti, Haifa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanöz-Penney, Suna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rubinstein, Joanna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pruett, Kyle D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yazgan, M. Yanki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fallon, N. Shemrah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartl, Franz J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziv, Margalit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salah, Rima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Britto, Pia Rebello</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitzpatrick, Siobhán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Panter-Brick, Catherine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Love and peace across generations: Biobehavioral systems and global partnerships</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comprehensive Psychoneuroendocrinology</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early childhood development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurobiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parenting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peacebuilding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sustainable development goals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-11-2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2666497621000667</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">100092</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norman, R. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Byambaa, M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Butchart, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scott, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vos, T.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The long-term health consequences of child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect: a systematic review and meta-analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS Med</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS medicine</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLoS medicinePLoS medicine</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Cost of Illness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Life Style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Mental Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Abuse/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Disease/*epidemiology/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012/12/05</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e1001349</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1549-1277</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BACKGROUND: Child sexual abuse is considered a modifiable risk factor for mental disorders across the life course. However the long-term consequences of other forms of child maltreatment have not yet been systematically examined. The aim of this study was to summarise the evidence relating to the possible relationship between child physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect, and subsequent mental and physical health outcomes. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A systematic review was conducted using the Medline, EMBASE, and PsycINFO electronic databases up to 26 June 2012. Published cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies that examined non-sexual child maltreatment as a risk factor for loss of health were included. All meta-analyses were based on quality-effects models. Out of 285 articles assessed for eligibility, 124 studies satisfied the pre-determined inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Statistically significant associations were observed between physical abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect and depressive disorders (physical abuse [odds ratio (OR) = 1.54; 95% CI 1.16-2.04], emotional abuse [OR = 3.06; 95% CI 2.43-3.85], and neglect [OR = 2.11; 95% CI 1.61-2.77]); drug use (physical abuse [OR = 1.92; 95% CI 1.67-2.20], emotional abuse [OR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.11-1.79], and neglect [OR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.21-1.54]); suicide attempts (physical abuse [OR = 3.40; 95% CI 2.17-5.32], emotional abuse [OR = 3.37; 95% CI 2.44-4.67], and neglect [OR = 1.95; 95% CI 1.13-3.37]); and sexually transmitted infections and risky sexual behaviour (physical abuse [OR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.50-2.10], emotional abuse [OR = 1.75; 95% CI 1.49-2.04], and neglect [OR = 1.57; 95% CI 1.39-1.78]). Evidence for causality was assessed using Bradford Hill criteria. While suggestive evidence exists for a relationship between maltreatment and chronic diseases and lifestyle risk factors, more research is required to confirm these relationships. CONCLUSIONS: This overview of the evidence suggests a causal relationship between non-sexual child maltreatment and a range of mental disorders, drug use, suicide attempts, sexually transmitted infections, and risky sexual behaviour. All forms of child maltreatment should be considered important risks to health with a sizeable impact on major contributors to the burden of disease in all parts of the world. The awareness of the serious long-term consequences of child maltreatment should encourage better identification of those at risk and the development of effective interventions to protect children from violence.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">23209385</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1549-1676&lt;br/&gt;Norman, Rosana E&lt;br/&gt;Byambaa, Munkhtsetseg&lt;br/&gt;De, Rumna&lt;br/&gt;Butchart, Alexander&lt;br/&gt;Scott, James&lt;br/&gt;Vos, Theo&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;Meta-Analysis&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;Review&lt;br/&gt;Systematic Review&lt;br/&gt;United States&lt;br/&gt;PLoS Med. 2012;9(11):e1001349. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001349. Epub 2012 Nov 27.</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PMC3507962</style></custom2><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia. r.norman@sph.uq.edu.au</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olds, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henderson, C. R., Jr.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cole, R.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eckenrode, J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kitzman, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luckey, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pettitt, L.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sidora, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Powers, J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term effects of nurse home visitation on children's criminal and antisocial behavior: 15-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jama</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jama</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JamaJama</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Community Health Nursing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Maternal-Child Nursing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antisocial Personality Disorder/epidemiology/*prevention &amp; control</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crime/*prevention &amp; control/statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">House Calls</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Incidence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Program Evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rural Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Socioeconomic Factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 14</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/188048</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1998/10/24</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">280</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1238-44</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0098-7484 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;0098-7484</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CONTEXT: A program of home visitation by nurses has been shown to affect the rates of maternal welfare dependence, criminality, problems due to use of substances, and child abuse and neglect. However, the long-term effects of this program on children's antisocial behavior have not been examined. OBJECTIVE: To examine the long-term effects of a program of prenatal and early childhood home visitation by nurses on children's antisocial behavior. DESIGN: Fifteen-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Interviews were conducted with the adolescents and their biological mothers or custodial parents. SETTING: Semirural community in New York. PARTICIPANTS: Between April 1978 and September 1980, 500 consecutive pregnant women with no previous live births were recruited, and 400 were enrolled. A total of 315 adolescent offspring participated in a follow-up study when they were 15 years old; 280 (89%) were born to white mothers, 195 (62%) to unmarried mothers, 151 (48%) to mothers younger than 19 years, and 186 (59%) to mothers from households of low socioeconomic status at the time of registration during pregnancy. INTERVENTION: Families in the groups that received home visits had an average of 9 (range, 0-16) home visits during pregnancy and 23 (range, 0-59) home visits from birth through the child's second birthday. The control groups received standard prenatal and well-child care in a clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Children's self-reports of running away, arrests, convictions, being sentenced to youth corrections, initiation of sexual intercourse, number of sex partners, and use of illegal substances; school records of suspensions; teachers' reports of children's disruptive behavior in school; and parents' reports of the children's arrests and behavioral problems related to the children's use of alcohol and other drugs. RESULTS: Adolescents born to women who received nurse visits during pregnancy and postnatally and who were unmarried and from households of low socioeconomic status (risk factors for antisocial behavior), in contrast with those in the comparison groups, reported fewer instances (incidence) of running away (0.24 vs 0.60; P = .003), fewer arrests (0.20 vs 0.45; P = .03), fewer convictions and violations of probation (0.09 vs 0.47; P&lt;.001), fewer lifetime sex partners (0.92 vs 2.48; P= .003), fewer cigarettes smoked per day (1.50 vs 2.50; P= .10), and fewer days having consumed alcohol in the last 6 months (1.09 vs 2.49; P = .03). Parents of nurse-visited children reported that their children had fewer behavioral problems related to use of alcohol and other drugs (0.15 vs 0.34; P = .08). There were no program effects on other behavioral problems. CONCLUSIONS: This program of prenatal and early childhood home visitation by nurses can reduce reported serious antisocial behavior and emergent use of substances on the part of adolescents born into high-risk families.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9786373</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olds, D&lt;br/&gt;Henderson, C R Jr&lt;br/&gt;Cole, R&lt;br/&gt;Eckenrode, J&lt;br/&gt;Kitzman, H&lt;br/&gt;Luckey, D&lt;br/&gt;Pettitt, L&lt;br/&gt;Sidora, K&lt;br/&gt;Morris, P&lt;br/&gt;Powers, J&lt;br/&gt;1-K05-MH01382-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;96ASPE278A/PHS HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;R01-MH49381/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;Clinical Trial&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;Randomized Controlled Trial&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.&lt;br/&gt;United States&lt;br/&gt;JAMA. 1998 Oct 14;280(14):1238-44.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80218, USA. olds.david@tchden.org</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plotsky, Paul M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thrivikraman, K V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nemeroff, Charles B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caldji, Christian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharma, Shakti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meaney, Michael J</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term consequences of neonatal rearing on central corticotropin-releasing factor systems in adult male rat offspring.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropsychopharmacology</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropsychopharmacology</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrenocorticotropic Hormone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals, Newborn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behavior, Animal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corticosterone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypothalamus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Image Processing, Computer-Assisted</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Situ Hybridization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physical Stimulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Radioimmunoassay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats, Long-Evans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reflex, Startle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Messenger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress, Psychological</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2192-204</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;
	In a series of studies on the long-term consequences of neonatal rearing, we compared hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems in male rats reared under conditions of animal facility rearing, nonhandling (HMS0), handling with brief maternal separation for 15 min (HMS15), or handling with moderate maternal separation for 180 min (HMS180) daily from postnatal days 2-14. CRF-like immunoreactivity (CRFir) was elevated in lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of adult HMS180 and HMS0 rats relative to the other groups. In the paraventricular nucleus, central nucleus of the amygdala, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, and locus coeruleus, CRFir and CRF mRNA levels were significantly elevated in HMS0 and HMS180 rats. Neonatal maternal separation was associated with regionally specific alterations in CRF receptor type 1 (CRF1) mRNA density in HMS180 rats. No rearing-associated differences in CRF2alpha binding were apparent in either the lateral septum or the ventromedial hypothalamus. These findings indicate that early rearing conditions can permanently alter the developmental set-point of central CRF systems, and potentially influence the expression of behavioral and endocrine responses to stress throughout life, thereby providing a possible neurobiological substrate for the relationship between early life events and increased vulnerability for hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and coping skill alterations and the frequency of mood disorders in patients with a history of such experiences.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponguta, L.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moore, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varghese, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hein, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ng, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alzaghoul, A.F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benavides Camacho, M.A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sethi, K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Al-Soleiti, M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Landscape Analysis of Early Childhood Development and Education in Emergencies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal on Education in Emergencies</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early childhood development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ECD;education in emergencies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EiE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">landscape analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">priority-setting processes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">scoping review</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan-03-2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://archive.nyu.edu/handle/2451/63605</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">138</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pruett, K. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litzenberger, B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Latency development in children of primary nurturing fathers. Eight-year follow-up</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychoanal Study Child</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Father-Child Relations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Latency Period (Psychology)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Personality Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Psychoanalytic Theory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Identification (Psychology)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parenting/*psychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1992</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">47</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85-101</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0079-7308 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;0079-7308 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">This paper is an 8-year follow-up of 17 families in which fathers began as primary caretakers early in the lives of their children. The emphasis is on the developmental consequences for the children, now in the latency period, as well as their psychological experience of the father's increased significance.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1289945</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pruett, K D&lt;br/&gt;Litzenberger, B&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;1992/01/01 00:00&lt;br/&gt;Psychoanal Study Child. 1992;47:85-101.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yale University Child Study Center.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pruett, M. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, C. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowan, P. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pruett, K. D.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lessons Learned From the Supporting Father Involvement Study: A Cross-Cultural Preventive Intervention for Low-Income Families With Young Children</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Social Service Research</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2009/03/04</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></number><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Routledge</style></publisher><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">163-179</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0148-8376</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;ABSTRACT Despite the proliferation of fatherhood programs designed to promote paternal involvement and positive family outcomes, evaluations of these programs are scarce. The Supporting Father Involvement (SFI) study is a randomized clinical trial comprised of 289 low-income Spanish- and English-speaking families living in California. The evaluation design reflects a partnership stance that promotes empowerment of staff and social service agencies. This article examines lessons learned from the program&amp;#39;s first 3 years (2002?2004) from the perspectives of both evaluators and program staff. The lessons cover a broad range of areas, including communication procedures, training, staffing, recruitment/retention, clinical needs, intervention content and process, and maintaining cultural sensitivity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><access-date><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015/09/18</style></access-date></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santavirta, T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santavirta, N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betancourt, T. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilman, S. E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long term mental health outcomes of Finnish children evacuated to Swedish families during the second world war and their non-evacuated siblings: cohort study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMJ</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*World War II</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Age Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finland/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">History, 20th Century</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">History, 21st Century</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospitalization/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Longitudinal Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mental Disorders/*epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Middle Aged</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy Making</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proportional Hazards Models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Refugees/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sex Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siblings/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Socioeconomic Factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sweden/epidemiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan 5</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">350</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">g7753</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1756-1833 (Electronic)&lt;br/&gt;0959-8138 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVES: To compare the risks of admission to hospital for any type of psychiatric disorder and for four specific psychiatric disorders among adults who as children were evacuated to Swedish foster families during the second world war and their non-evacuated siblings, and to evaluate whether these risks differ between the sexes. DESIGN: Cohort study. SETTING: National child evacuation scheme in Finland during the second world war. PARTICIPANTS: Children born in Finland between 1933 and 1944 who were later included in a 10% sample of the 1950 Finnish census ascertained in 1997 (n = 45,463; women: n = 22,021; men: n = 23,442). Evacuees in the sample were identified from war time government records. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Adults admitted to hospital for psychiatric disorders recorded between 1971 and 2011 in the Finnish hospital discharge register. METHODS: We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the association between evacuation to temporary foster care in Sweden during the second world war and admission to hospital for a psychiatric disorder between ages 38 and 78 years. Fixed effects methods were employed to control for all unobserved social and genetic characteristics shared among siblings. RESULTS: Among men and women combined, the risk of admission to hospital for a psychiatric disorder did not differ between Finnish adults evacuated to Swedish foster families and their non-evacuated siblings (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 1.26). Evidence suggested a lower risk of admission for any mental disorder (0.67, 0.44 to 1.03) among evacuated men, whereas for women there was no association between evacuation and the overall risk of admission for a psychiatric disorder (1.21, 0.80 to 1.83). When admissions for individual psychiatric disorders were analyzed, evacuated girls were significantly more likely than their non-evacuated sisters to be admitted to hospital for a mood disorder as an adult (2.19, 1.10 to 4.33). CONCLUSIONS: The Finnish evacuation policy was not associated with an increased overall risk of admission to hospital for a psychiatric disorder in adulthood among former evacuees. In fact, evacuation was associated with a marginally reduced risk of admission for any psychiatric disorder among men. Among women who had been evacuated, however, the risk of being admitted to hospital for a mood disorder was increased.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25569841</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santavirta, Torsten&lt;br/&gt;Santavirta, Nina&lt;br/&gt;Betancourt, Theresa S&lt;br/&gt;Gilman, Stephen E&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;R01 MH087544/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/&lt;br/&gt;MH087544/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/&lt;br/&gt;Comparative Study&lt;br/&gt;Historical Article&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;England&lt;br/&gt;2015/01/09 06:00&lt;br/&gt;BMJ. 2015 Jan 5;350:g7753.</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4283996</style></custom2><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swedish Institute for Social Research, Stockholm University, SE-10691, Stockholm, Sweden torsten.santavirta@sofi.su.se.&lt;br/&gt;Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland torsten.santavirta@sofi.su.se.&lt;br/&gt;Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.&lt;br/&gt;Department of Social &amp; Behavioral Sciences and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schneiderman, I.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zilberstein-Kra, Y.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leckman, J. F.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feldman, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Love alters autonomic reactivity to emotions.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emotion</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emotion</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arrhythmia, Sinus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Autonomic Nervous System</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emotions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Love</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Personality Inventory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photic Stimulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychiatric Status Rating Scales</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress, Physiological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surveys and Questionnaires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Young Adult</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011 Dec</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1314-21</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Periods of bond formation are accompanied by physiological and emotional changes, yet, little is known about the effects of falling in love on the individual's physiological response to emotions. We examined autonomic reactivity to the presentation of negative and positive films in 112 young adults, including 57 singles and 55 new lovers who began a romantic relationship 2.5 months prior to the experiment Autonomic reactivity was measured by Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) to two baseline emotionally neutral films, two negative films, and two positive films. Results demonstrated that RSA in singles decreased during the presentation of negative emotions, indicating physiological stress response. However, no such decrease was found among new lovers, pointing to more optimal vagal regulation during the period of falling in love. Autonomic reactivity, indexed by RSA decrease from the positive to the negative films, was greater among singles as compared to lovers, suggesting that love buffers against autonomic stress and facilitates emotion regulation. Findings suggest that vagal regulation may be one mechanism through which love and attachment reduce stress and promote well-being and health.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22142209?dopt=Abstract</style></custom1></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schwartz, Kate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael, Duja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torossian, Lina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hajal, Diala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoshikawa, Hirokazu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdulrazzak, Somaia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youssef, Jamile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sloane, Phoebe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hashwe, Siwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foulds, Kim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bowden, Brooks</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoyer, Kayla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lee, Sangyoo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haywood, Athena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behrman, Jere</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leveraging Caregivers to Provide Remote Early Childhood Education in Hard-to-Access Settings in Lebanon: Impacts From a Randomized Controlled Trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness</style></secondary-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">brief ECE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">refugee population</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Remote ECE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">remote IDELA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">spartially nested models</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb-04-2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19345747.2024.2334841</style></url></web-urls></urls><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1 - 31</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;This paper presents impact findings from a three-arm randomized controlled trial of 1) a brief remote early learning program (RELP) and 2) RELP plus a remote parenting support program entitled Ahlan Simsim Families (ASF), compared to a waitlist control group. Participants are 5&amp;ndash;6-year-olds and their families and are 96% Syrian refugees. All live in hard-to-access areas of Lebanon with few early childhood education (ECE) opportunities. RELP is an 11-week, 31-session program delivered via WhatsApp calls and messages. Remote sessions, 35&amp;ndash;40&amp;thinsp;minutes each, consist of 5&amp;ndash;6 caregivers/children and focus on supporting caregivers in implementing ECE curriculum with their children outside of class. ASF consists of 11 sessions (25&amp;ndash;30&amp;thinsp;minutes once a week) and covers responsive relationships, early learning, and safety/security. We find large impacts on overall child development, literacy, numeracy, child play, and reported learning interactions (ES: 0.26&amp;ndash;0.52) for both treatment arms; on motor and social-emotional skills for RELP only (ES: 0.21&amp;ndash;0.36); and on reported spanking for RELP&amp;thinsp;+&amp;thinsp;ASF (twice as likely to say not in past month). Impacts are smaller in magnitude (for all but child play), though not significantly different, when ASF is added.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>6</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schweinhart, L.J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Montie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Z. Xiang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. S.. Barnett</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. R. Belfield</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Nores</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lifetime Effects: The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 40</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2005</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://books.google.com/books?id=i41HAAAAMAAJ</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High/Scope Press</style></publisher><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9781573792523</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shonkoff, J. P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garner, A. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child Family Health</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The lifelong effects of early childhood adversity and toxic stress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatrics</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatrics</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PediatricsPediatrics</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Child Welfare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Health Promotion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain/physiopathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pediatrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physician's Role</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psychology, Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social Environment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress, Psychological/complications/*physiopathology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2012</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011/12/28</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">129</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">e232-46</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0031-4005</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Advances in fields of inquiry as diverse as neuroscience, molecular biology, genomics, developmental psychology, epidemiology, sociology, and economics are catalyzing an important paradigm shift in our understanding of health and disease across the lifespan. This converging, multidisciplinary science of human development has profound implications for our ability to enhance the life prospects of children and to strengthen the social and economic fabric of society. Drawing on these multiple streams of investigation, this report presents an ecobiodevelopmental framework that illustrates how early experiences and environmental influences can leave a lasting signature on the genetic predispositions that affect emerging brain architecture and long-term health. The report also examines extensive evidence of the disruptive impacts of toxic stress, offering intriguing insights into causal mechanisms that link early adversity to later impairments in learning, behavior, and both physical and mental well-being. The implications of this framework for the practice of medicine, in general, and pediatrics, specifically, are potentially transformational. They suggest that many adult diseases should be viewed as developmental disorders that begin early in life and that persistent health disparities associated with poverty, discrimination, or maltreatment could be reduced by the alleviation of toxic stress in childhood. An ecobiodevelopmental framework also underscores the need for new thinking about the focus and boundaries of pediatric practice. It calls for pediatricians to serve as both front-line guardians of healthy child development and strategically positioned, community leaders to inform new science-based strategies that build strong foundations for educational achievement, economic productivity, responsible citizenship, and lifelong health.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22201156</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1098-4275&lt;br/&gt;Shonkoff, Jack P&lt;br/&gt;Garner, Andrew S&lt;br/&gt;Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health&lt;br/&gt;Committee on Early Childhood, Adoption, and Dependent Care&lt;br/&gt;Section on Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;United States&lt;br/&gt;Pediatrics. 2012 Jan;129(1):e232-46. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2663. Epub 2011 Dec 26.</style></notes><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic for tackling the climate crisis. From uniting behind the science to the power of small actions</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate crisis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.unicef.org/stories/lessons-covid-19-pandemic-tackling-climate-crisis?fbclid=IwAR14pOhprRPB0nlh0hpkSNPieKXUFWyunDjbR78yDYrOAirWCqOD8cbObHM</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></publisher></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Learning for Peace narratives from the field: A compendium of programme statistics 2012/2016</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">conflict resolution</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early childhood development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">peacebuilding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">resilience</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">risk-informed education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Social cohesion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unicef's Peacebuilding Education and Advocacy Programme (PBEA)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">youth empowerment</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://s3.amazonaws.com/inee-assets/resources/PBEA_case_study_compendium-online-final.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">New York City</style></pub-location><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The links between Equity, Governance, Education and Peacebuilding in Kenya</style></title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://s3.amazonaws.com/inee-assets/resources/Equity__Governance__Education_and_Peacebuilding_in_Kenya_.pdf</style></url></web-urls></urls><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Report Prepared for UNICEF Eastern and Southern Africa Regional Office (ESARO)</style></work-type></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lebanon: Children’s future on the line</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beirut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Displaced persons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early childhood care and education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early childhood development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">governance and policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humanitarianism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lebanon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">refugees and migrants</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.unicef.org/lebanon/media/6541/file</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoshikawa, H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Long-term effects of early childhood programs on social outcomes and delinquency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Future Child</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Personality Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Social Adjustment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antisocial Personality Disorder/prevention &amp; control/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crime/prevention &amp; control/psychology/trends</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early Intervention (Education)/*trends</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Family Therapy/trends</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forecasting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juvenile Delinquency/*prevention &amp; control/psychology/trends</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome and Process Assessment (Health Care)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">United States</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1995</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winter</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">51-75</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1054-8289 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;1054-8289 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The search for ways to prevent juvenile crime in the United States has become a matter of national urgency, as the incidence of serious offenses continues to rise. Most prevention initiatives focus on late childhood or adolescence. Such initiatives may be missing an important additional opportunity to intervene earlier in children's lives. This review of literature from criminology, psychology, and education shows that there exist key early childhood factors which are associated with later antisocial or delinquent behavior and that early childhood programs which seek to ameliorate the effects of those factors can prevent later antisocial or delinquent behavior. In particular, the review focuses on programs which have demonstrated long-term effects on antisocial behavior or delinquency. These programs have in common a combination of intensive family support and early education services, and effects on a broad range of child and family risk factors for delinquency. Moreover, there is promising evidence of their cost-effectiveness. As one element in a comprehensive plan to address poverty and other environmental causes of crime, programs combining family support with early education show promise in lessening the current devastating impact of delinquency on America's children and families.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8835514</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yoshikawa, H&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;Review&lt;br/&gt;1995/01/01 00:00&lt;br/&gt;Future Child. 1995 Winter;5(3):51-75.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Psychology, New York University, USA.</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>13</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yousafzai, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasheed, M. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siyal, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franchett, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudfeld, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponguta, L. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reyes, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fink, G.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LEAPS: a strategy to benefit young children and youth</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early Childhood Matters</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">early childhood care and education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pakistan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">youth development</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://earlychildhoodmatters.online/2019/leaps-a-strategy-to-benefit-young-children-and-youth/</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bernard van Leer Foundation</style></publisher><pub-location><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hague, The Netherlands</style></pub-location><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></issue></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>27</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zubairi, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rose, P.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moriarty, K.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaving the youngest behind: Declining aid to early childhood education</style></title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">children at risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Early childhood education</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pre-primary education</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://theirworld.org/resources/detail/leaving-the-youngest-behind</style></url></web-urls></urls><publisher><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UNICEF</style></publisher><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language></record></records></xml>