<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heim, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nemeroff, C. B.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biol Psychiatry</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological psychiatry</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological psychiatryBiological psychiatry</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adult</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety Disorders/*etiology/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety, Separation/metabolism/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Abuse/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corticosterone/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depressive Disorder/etiology/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Life Change Events</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maternal Behavior/psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mood Disorders/*etiology/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nerve Net/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norepinephrine/urine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parenting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raphe Nuclei/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, GABA-A/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Receptors, GABA/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RNA, Messenger/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serotonin/metabolism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/metabolism/*physiopathology/*psychology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jun 15</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11430844</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2001/06/30</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">49</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1023-39</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0006-3223 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;0006-3223</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epidemiologic studies indicate that children exposed to early adverse experiences are at increased risk for the development of depression, anxiety disorders, or both. Persistent sensitization of central nervous system (CNS) circuits as a consequence of early life stress, which are integrally involved in the regulation of stress and emotion, may represent the underlying biological substrate of an increased vulnerability to subsequent stress as well as to the development of depression and anxiety. A number of preclinical studies suggest that early life stress induces long-lived hyper(re)activity of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) systems as well as alterations in other neurotransmitter systems, resulting in increased stress responsiveness. Many of the findings from these preclinical studies are comparable to findings in adult patients with mood and anxiety disorders. Emerging evidence from clinical studies suggests that exposure to early life stress is associated with neurobiological changes in children and adults, which may underlie the increased risk of psychopathology. Current research is focused on strategies to prevent or reverse the detrimental effects of early life stress on the CNS. The identification of the neurobiological substrates of early adverse experience is of paramount importance for the development of novel treatments for children, adolescents, and adults.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11430844</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heim, C&lt;br/&gt;Nemeroff, C B&lt;br/&gt;MH 42088/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.&lt;br/&gt;Review&lt;br/&gt;United States&lt;br/&gt;Biol Psychiatry. 2001 Jun 15;49(12):1023-39.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record></records></xml>