<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enoch, M. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kitzman, H.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smith, J. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anson, E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hodgkinson, C. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goldman, D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olds, D. L.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Prospective Cohort Study of Influences on Externalizing Behaviors Across Childhood: Results From a Nurse Home Visiting Randomized Controlled Trial</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*5-httlpr</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*drd2/ankk1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*fkbp5</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*nurse home visiting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Self Efficacy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">African Americans/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child Behavior Disorders/*epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Follow-Up Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">House Calls/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mothers/psychology/*statistics &amp; numerical data</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tennessee/epidemiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016/04/30</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">376-82</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0890-8567</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVE: This study investigated genetic and environmental influences on behavior in a cohort of 600 children followed prenatally to 18 years. METHOD: A randomized controlled trial of prenatal/infancy nurse home visits (NHV) was conducted in 600 predominantly African American mothers and their firstborn children from Memphis, TN. Mothers were assessed in pregnancy for mental health (MH), self-efficacy, and mastery. Mothers reported longitudinally on smoking and alcohol/drug use. The functional polymorphisms SLC6A4 5-HTTLPR, FKBP5 rs1360780 and DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 were genotyped together with 186 ancestry informative markers. Composite externalizing disorders (ED) continuous total scores from the mother-report Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist were included as dependent variables in regression analyses for time points 2, 6, 12, and 18 years. RESULTS: Behaviors at younger ages strongly predicted later behaviors (p &lt; .0001). Children whose mothers had high self-efficacy and had received NHV were better behaved at age 2 years. Poorer maternal MH adversely influenced ED up to 12 years, but at age 18 years, maternal mastery exerted a strong, positive effect (p = .0001). Maternal smoking was associated with worse ED at 6 and 18 years. Main and interactive effects of genetic polymorphisms varied across childhood: FKBP5 rs1360780 up to age 6, 5-HTTLPR from 6 to 12, and DRD2/ANKK1 rs1800497 from 2 to 18 years. CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that maternal MH and resilience measured in pregnancy have long-lasting effects on child behavior. Maternal smoking across childhood and genetic factors also play a role. NHV had a positive effect on early behavior. Our findings have implications for prevention of pathological behaviors in adulthood. Clinical trial registration information-Age-17 Follow-Up of Home Visiting Intervention; http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT00708695.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27126851</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1527-5418&lt;br/&gt;Enoch, Mary-Anne&lt;br/&gt;Kitzman, Harriet&lt;br/&gt;Smith, Joyce A&lt;br/&gt;Anson, Elizabeth&lt;br/&gt;Hodgkinson, Colin A&lt;br/&gt;Goldman, David&lt;br/&gt;Olds, David L&lt;br/&gt;K05 MH001382/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;R01 HD043492/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;R01 MH068790/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States&lt;br/&gt;ZIA AA000306-10/NULL/International&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;Randomized Controlled Trial&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural&lt;br/&gt;United States&lt;br/&gt;J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016 May;55(5):376-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.02.007. Epub 2016 Mar 2.</style></notes><custom2><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PMC4851736</style></custom2><custom6><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NIHMS773412</style></custom6><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD. Electronic address: maenoch@niaaa.nih.gov.&lt;br/&gt;University of Rochester School of Nursing, Rochester, NY.&lt;br/&gt;Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD.&lt;br/&gt;University of Colorado, Aurora.</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record></records></xml>