<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Browne, H. A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Modabbernia, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buxbaum, J. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hansen, S. N.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schendel, D. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parner, E. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reichenberg, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Grice, D. E.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prenatal Maternal Smoking and Increased Risk for Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J Am Acad Child Adolesc PsychiatryJ Am Acad Child Adolesc PsychiatryJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</style></alt-title><short-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry</style></short-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*chronic tic disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*obsessive-compulsive disorder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*prenatal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*smoking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Tourette syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child, Preschool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cohort Studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denmark/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Female</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/epidemiology/*etiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*chemically induced/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smoking/*adverse effects/epidemiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tic Disorders/epidemiology/*etiology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tourette Syndrome/epidemiology/etiology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sep</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></number><edition><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016/08/28</style></edition><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">784-91</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0890-8567</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OBJECTIVE: We assessed the role of prenatal maternal smoking in risk for Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorder (TS/CT) and pediatric-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHOD: In an analysis of 73,073 singleton pregnancies from the Danish National Birth Cohort, we calculated incidence rates (IR) per 1,000 person-year for TS/CT and OCD. We then determined crude and adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs associated with prenatal maternal smoking, considering smoking as a dichotomous (yes/no) variable or a stratified variable (no smoking, light smoking, and heavy smoking [&gt;/=10 cigarettes/day]). Additional analyses examined the effect of maternal smoking on risk for TS/CT with other comorbid psychiatric conditions. RESULTS: In final adjusted analyses, heavy smoking was associated with a 66% increased risk for TS/CT (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.17-2.35). In addition, heavy smoking was associated with a 2-fold increased risk for TS/CT with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and both light and heavy smoking were associated with a more than 2-fold increased risk for TS/CT with any non-ADHD psychiatric comorbidity. Our parallel analyses of pediatric-onset OCD were likely underpowered but showed similar relationships. CONCLUSION: Prenatal maternal smoking was associated with increased risk for TS/CT as well as TS/CT with comorbid psychiatric conditions, even after adjustment for several important variables, including maternal psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, and partner smoking. Our findings point to a pathway linking prenatal tobacco exposure and altered brain development to TS/CT.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27566119</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1527-5418&lt;br/&gt;Browne, Heidi A&lt;br/&gt;Modabbernia, Amirhossein&lt;br/&gt;Buxbaum, Joseph D&lt;br/&gt;Hansen, Stefan N&lt;br/&gt;Schendel, Diana E&lt;br/&gt;Parner, Erik T&lt;br/&gt;Reichenberg, Abraham&lt;br/&gt;Grice, Dorothy E&lt;br/&gt;Journal Article&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;United States&lt;br/&gt;J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016 Sep;55(9):784-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.06.010. Epub 2016 Jul 21.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Division of Tics, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York.&lt;br/&gt;Seaver Autism Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.&lt;br/&gt;Seaver Autism Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai; Friedman Brain Institute and Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.&lt;br/&gt;Section for Biostatistics.&lt;br/&gt;Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Denmark; National Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University.&lt;br/&gt;Division of Tics, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and Related Disorders, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Friedman Brain Institute and Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Electronic address: dorothy.grice@mssm.edu.</style></auth-address><remote-database-provider><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NLM</style></remote-database-provider></record></records></xml>