<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehlers, A.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clark, D. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behav Res Ther</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Adaptation, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">*Cognitive Therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Humans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imagery (Psychotherapy)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Memory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Models, Psychological</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Negativism</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*psychology/therapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stress, Psychological/*psychology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thinking</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2000</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apr</style></date></pub-dates></dates><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">38</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">319-45</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0005-7967 (Print)&lt;br/&gt;0005-7967 (Linking)</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common reaction to traumatic events. Many people recover in the ensuing months, but in a significant subgroup the symptoms persist, often for years. A cognitive model of persistence of PTSD is proposed. It is suggested that PTSD becomes persistent when individuals process the trauma in a way that leads to a sense of serious, current threat. The sense of threat arises as a consequence of: (1) excessively negative appraisals of the trauma and/or its sequelae and (2) a disturbance of autobiographical memory characterised by poor elaboration and contextualization, strong associative memory and strong perceptual priming. Change in the negative appraisals and the trauma memory are prevented by a series of problematic behavioural and cognitive strategies. The model is consistent with the main clinical features of PTSD, helps explain several apparently puzzling phenomena and provides a framework for treatment by identifying three key targets for change. Recent studies have provided preliminary support for several aspects of the model.</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10761279</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehlers, A&lt;br/&gt;Clark, D M&lt;br/&gt;eng&lt;br/&gt;069777/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom&lt;br/&gt;Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't&lt;br/&gt;Review&lt;br/&gt;ENGLAND&lt;br/&gt;2000/04/13 09:00&lt;br/&gt;Behav Res Ther. 2000 Apr;38(4):319-45.</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, UK. anke.ehlers@psych.ox.ac.uk</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>