TY - JOUR T1 - Prenatal Maternal Smoking and Increased Risk for Tourette Syndrome and Chronic Tic Disorders JF - J Am Acad Child Adolesc PsychiatryJ Am Acad Child Adolesc PsychiatryJ Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry Y1 - 2016 A1 - Browne, H. A. A1 - Modabbernia, A. A1 - Buxbaum, J. D. A1 - Hansen, S. N. A1 - Schendel, D. E. A1 - Parner, E. T. A1 - Reichenberg, A. A1 - Grice, D. E. KW - *chronic tic disorder KW - *obsessive-compulsive disorder KW - *prenatal KW - *smoking KW - *Tourette syndrome KW - Adolescent KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Cohort Studies KW - Denmark/epidemiology KW - Female KW - Humans KW - Infant KW - Male KW - Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder/epidemiology/*etiology KW - Pregnancy KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*chemically induced/epidemiology KW - Smoking/*adverse effects/epidemiology KW - Tic Disorders/epidemiology/*etiology KW - Tourette Syndrome/epidemiology/etiology AB - OBJECTIVE: We assessed the role of prenatal maternal smoking in risk for Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorder (TS/CT) and pediatric-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). METHOD: In an analysis of 73,073 singleton pregnancies from the Danish National Birth Cohort, we calculated incidence rates (IR) per 1,000 person-year for TS/CT and OCD. We then determined crude and adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs associated with prenatal maternal smoking, considering smoking as a dichotomous (yes/no) variable or a stratified variable (no smoking, light smoking, and heavy smoking [>/=10 cigarettes/day]). Additional analyses examined the effect of maternal smoking on risk for TS/CT with other comorbid psychiatric conditions. RESULTS: In final adjusted analyses, heavy smoking was associated with a 66% increased risk for TS/CT (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.17-2.35). In addition, heavy smoking was associated with a 2-fold increased risk for TS/CT with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and both light and heavy smoking were associated with a more than 2-fold increased risk for TS/CT with any non-ADHD psychiatric comorbidity. Our parallel analyses of pediatric-onset OCD were likely underpowered but showed similar relationships. CONCLUSION: Prenatal maternal smoking was associated with increased risk for TS/CT as well as TS/CT with comorbid psychiatric conditions, even after adjustment for several important variables, including maternal psychiatric history, socioeconomic status, and partner smoking. Our findings point to a pathway linking prenatal tobacco exposure and altered brain development to TS/CT. VL - 55 SN - 0890-8567 N1 - 1527-5418
Browne, Heidi A
Modabbernia, Amirhossein
Buxbaum, Joseph D
Hansen, Stefan N
Schendel, Diana E
Parner, Erik T
Reichenberg, Abraham
Grice, Dorothy E
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
United States
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2016 Sep;55(9):784-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.06.010. Epub 2016 Jul 21. JO - Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ER -