@book {473, title = {Medical Humanitarianism: Ethnographies of Practice}, year = {2015}, publisher = {Penn University Press}, organization = {Penn University Press}, url = {http://www.upenn.edu/pennpress/book/15407.html}, author = {S. Abramowitz and C. Panter-Brick} } @article {223, title = {Medical humanitarianism: anthropologists speak out on policy and practice.}, journal = {Med Anthropol Q}, volume = {29}, year = {2015}, month = {2015 Mar}, pages = {1-23}, abstract = {

In recent years, anthropologists have become increasingly present in medical humanitarian situations as scholars, consultants, and humanitarian practitioners and have acquired insight into medical humanitarian policy and practice. In 2012, we implemented a poll on anthropology, health, and humanitarian practice in which 75 anthropologists discussed their experiences in medical humanitarianism. Our goal was to move beyond the existing anarchy of individual voices in anthropological writing and gain an aggregate view of the perspective of anthropologists working in medical humanitarian contexts. Responses lead to six inductively derived thematic priorities. The findings illustrate how anthropologists perceive medical humanitarian practice; which aspects of medical humanitarianism should be seen as priorities for anthropological research; and how anthropologists use ethnography in humanitarian contexts.

}, issn = {0745-5194}, doi = {10.1111/maq.12139}, url = {https://anthrosource.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/maq.12139}, author = {Abramowitz, S. and Marten, M. and Panter-Brick, C.} } @article {4976, title = {Mental health and psychosocial support in crisis and conflict: report of the Mental Health Working Group}, journal = {Prehosp Disaster Med}, volume = {24 Suppl 2}, year = {2009}, note = {Allden, K
Jones, L
Weissbecker, I
Wessells, M
Bolton, P
Betancourt, T S
Hijazi, Z
Galappatti, A
Yamout, R
Patel, P
Sumathipala, A
eng
2009/10/07 06:00
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2009 Jul-Aug;24 Suppl 2:s217-27.}, month = {Jul-Aug}, pages = {s217-27}, abstract = {INTRODUCTION: The Working Group on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support was convened as part of the 2009 Harvard Humanitarian Action Summit. The Working Group chose to focus on ethical issues in mental health and psychosocial research and programming in humanitarian settings. The Working Group built on previous work and recommendations, such as the Inter-Agency Standing Committee{\textquoteright}s Guidelines on Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Emergency Settings. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this working group was to address one of the factors contributing to the deficiency of research and the need to develop the evidence base on mental health and psychosocial support interventions during complex emergencies by proposing ethical research guidelines. Outcomes research is vital for effective program development in emergency settings, but to date, no comprehensive ethical guidelines exist for guiding such research efforts. METHODS: Working Group members conducted literature reviews which included peer-reviewed publications, agency reports, and relevant guidelines on the following topics: general ethical principles in research, cross-cultural issues, research in resource-poor countries, and specific populations such as trauma and torture survivors, refugees, minorities, children and youth, and the mentally ill. Working Group members also shared key points regarding ethical issues encountered in their own research and fieldwork. RESULTS: The group adapted a broad definition of the term "research", which encompasses needs assessments and data gathering, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The guidelines are conceptualized as applying to formal and informal processes of assessment and evaluation in which researchers as well as most service providers engage. The group reached consensus that it would be unethical not to conduct research and evaluate outcomes of mental health and psychosocial interventions in emergency settings, given that there currently is very little good evidence base for such interventions. Overarching themes and issues generated by the group for further study and articulation included: purpose and benefits of research, issues of validity, neutrality, risk, subject selection and participation, confidentiality, consent, and dissemination of results. CONCLUSIONS: The group outlined several key topics and recommendations that address ethical issues in conducting mental health and psychosocial research in humanitarian settings. The group views this set of recommendations as a living document to be further developed and refined based on input from colleagues representing different regions of the globe with an emphasis on input from colleagues from low-resource countries.}, keywords = {*Conflict (Psychology), *Mental Health, *Social Support, Altruism, Confidentiality, Ethics, Research, Humans, Informed Consent}, isbn = {1049-023X (Print)
1049-023X (Linking)}, doi = {10.1017/S1049023X00021622}, author = {Allden, K. and Jones, L. and Weissbecker, I. and Wessells, M. and Bolton, P. and Betancourt, T. S. and Hijazi, Z. and Galappatti, A. and Yamout, R. and Patel, P. and Sumathipala, A.} } @article {5858, title = {Mental health and wellbeing during the transition to fatherhood}, journal = {JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports}, volume = {16}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-01-2018}, pages = {2118 - 2191}, issn = {2202-4433}, doi = {10.11124/JBISRIR-2017-003773}, url = {http://Insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=01938924-201811000-00010http://journals.lww.com/jbisrir/Fulltext/10.11124/JBISRIR-2017-003773}, author = {Baldwin, Sharin and Malone, Mary and Sandall, Jane and Bick, Debra} } @book {484, title = {Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives}, year = {2009}, publisher = {Wiley}, organization = {Wiley}, isbn = {9780470483282}, url = {http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-EHEP002460.html}, author = {Banks, J.A. and Banks, C.A.M.G.} } @inbook {561, title = {Multicultural Education: Characteristics and Goals}, booktitle = {Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives (7th edition)}, year = {2010}, pages = {3-30}, publisher = {Wiley}, organization = {Wiley}, address = {Hoboken, NJ}, url = {http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-EHEP002460.html}, author = {J. A. Banks}, editor = {J. A. Banks and C. A. M. Banks} } @inbook {563, title = {Maternal responsiveness and cognitive development in children}, booktitle = {Maternal Responsiveness: Characteristics and consequences}, year = {1989}, publisher = {Jassey-Bass}, organization = {Jassey-Bass}, address = {San Francisco}, url = {http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1989-97652-000}, author = {M. H. Barnstein and C. S. Tamis-LeMonda}, editor = {M. H. Bornstein} } @article {882, title = {Methodologies to Evaluate Early Childhood Development Programs}, year = {2007}, institution = {The World Bank}, address = {Washington, D.C.}, keywords = {Child Development, early childhood development, methodologies}, url = {http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTISPMA/Resources/383704-1146752240884/Doing_ie_series_09.pdf}, author = {Behrman, J.R. and Glewwe, P. and Miguel, E.} } @article {267, title = {Maternal stress during pregnancy predicts cognitive ability and fearfulness in infancy.}, journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry}, volume = {46}, year = {2007}, month = {2007 Nov}, pages = {1454-63}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: To examine the effects of prenatal stress on cognition and behavioral fearfulness in infants.

METHOD: Mothers were recruited at amniocentesis at Queen Charlotte\&$\#$39;s and Chelsea Hospital, London, between 2001 and 2005, and recalled when their children were 14 to 19 months to assess cognitive development using the Bayley Scales and fearfulness using the Lab-TAB. Measures of prenatal and postnatal life events and current psychological state were collected at the postnatal visit.

RESULTS: Prenatal stress predicted both mental development (rs = -0.39, n = 123 p \< .0001) and observed fearfulness (rs = 0.33, n = 106, p \< .001); the magnitude of effect was essentially unchanged after covarying postnatal stressors, maternal education and psychological state, exposures to medications and substances during pregnancy, and birth outcomes. Prenatal stress accounted for 17\% of the variance in cognitive ability and 10\% of the variance in observed fearfulness. The correlation between mental development and fearfulness was minimal (r = -0.06, not significant). Prenatal partner relationship strain accounted for 73.5\% and 75.0\% of the prenatal stress related variance on infant cognitive and fearfulness scores, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: These findings strengthen previous research that suggests that fetal programming can be important for neurodevelopmental and psychiatric outcomes. They imply that the mechanisms by which mental development and fearfulness are affected are different and that prenatal stress due to relationship strain may warrant particular attention.

}, keywords = {Adult, Child, Preschool, Cognition Disorders, Fear, Female, Humans, Infant, Life Change Events, Mothers, Phobic Disorders, Predictive Value of Tests, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological}, issn = {0890-8567}, doi = {10.1097/chi.0b013e31814a62f6}, author = {Bergman, Kristin and Sarkar, Pampa and O{\textquoteright}Connor, Thomas G and Modi, Neena and Glover, Vivette} } @article {4891, title = {Moderators of treatment effectiveness for war-affected youth with depression in northern Uganda}, journal = {J Adolesc Health}, volume = {51}, number = {6}, year = {2012}, note = {Betancourt, Theresa S
Newnham, Elizabeth A
Brennan, Robert T
Verdeli, Helen
Borisova, Ivelina
Neugebauer, Richard
Bass, Judith
Bolton, Paul
eng
1K01MH077246-01A2/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
P60 MD002261/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
2012/11/24 06:00
J Adolesc Health. 2012 Dec;51(6):544-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.02.010. Epub 2012 Apr 5.}, month = {Dec}, pages = {544-50}, abstract = {PURPOSE: As we build the evidence base of interventions for depression among war-affected youth, it is critical to understand factors moderating treatment outcomes. The current study investigated how gender and history of abduction by Lord{\textquoteright}s Resistance Army rebels moderated treatment outcomes for war-affected youth. METHODS: The study-a three-armed, randomized, controlled trial-was conducted with internally displaced war-affected adolescents in northern Uganda. Participants with significant depression symptoms (N = 304; 57\% female; 14-17 years of age) were randomly assigned to an interpersonal psychotherapy group (IPT-G), a creative play/recreation group, or a wait-list control condition. Secondary analyses were conducted on data from this randomized controlled trial. RESULTS: A history of abduction by Lord{\textquoteright}s Resistance Army rebels was reported by 42\% of the sample. Gender and abduction history interacted to moderate the effectiveness of IPT-G for the treatment of depression. In the IPT-G intervention arm, treatment effectiveness was greatest among female subjects without an abduction history, with effect size = 1.06. IPT-G was effective for the treatment of depression for both male and female subjects with a history of abduction (effect size = .92 and .50, respectively). Male subjects with no abduction history in IPT-G showed no significant improvement compared with those in the control conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Abduction history and gender are potentially important moderators of treatment effects, suggesting that these factors need to be considered when providing interventions for war-affected youth. IPT-G may be an effective intervention for female subjects without an abduction history, as well as for both male and female former child soldiers, but less so for male subjects without an abduction history.}, keywords = {*Psychology, Adolescent, *Warfare, Adolescent, Depressive Disorder/diagnosis/etiology/*therapy, Female, Humans, Male, Military Personnel/*psychology, Psychotherapy/*methods, Refugees/*psychology, Sex Distribution, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/etiology/*therapy, Treatment Outcome, Uganda}, isbn = {1879-1972 (Electronic)
1054-139X (Linking)}, author = {Betancourt, T. S. and Newnham, E. A. and Brennan, R. T. and Verdeli, H. and Borisova, I. and Neugebauer, R. and Bass, J. and Bolton, P.} } @article {4991, title = {The mental health of children affected by armed conflict: protective processes and pathways to resilience}, journal = {Int Rev Psychiatry}, volume = {20}, number = {3}, year = {2008}, note = {Betancourt, Theresa Stichick
Khan, Kashif Tanveer
eng
K01 MH077246/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
K01 MH077246-01A2/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
Review
England
2008/06/24 09:00
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2008 Jun;20(3):317-28. doi: 10.1080/09540260802090363.}, month = {Jun}, pages = {317-28}, abstract = {This paper examines the concept of resilience in the context of children affected by armed conflict. Resilience has been frequently viewed as a unique quality of certain {\textquoteright}invulnerable{\textquoteright} children. In contrast, this paper argues that a number of protective processes contribute to resilient mental health outcomes in children when considered through the lens of the child{\textquoteright}s social ecology. While available research has made important contributions to understanding risk factors for negative mental health consequences of war-related violence and loss, the focus on trauma alone has resulted in inadequate attention to factors associated with resilient mental health outcomes. This paper presents key studies in the literature that address the interplay between risk and protective processes in the mental health of war-affected children from an ecological, developmental perspective. It suggests that further research on war-affected children should pay particular attention to coping and meaning making at the individual level; the role of attachment relationships, caregiver health, resources and connection in the family, and social support available in peer and extended social networks. Cultural and community influences such as attitudes towards mental health and healing as well as the meaning given to the experience of war itself are also important aspects of the larger social ecology.}, keywords = {*Adaptation, Psychological, *Warfare, Adolescent, Child, Child, Orphaned/psychology, Community Mental Health Services, Cultural Characteristics, culture, Family/psychology, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Psychological, Object Attachment, Refugees/psychology, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Social Support, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/*psychology/therapy}, isbn = {1369-1627 (Electronic)
0954-0261 (Linking)}, author = {Betancourt, T. S. and Khan, K. T.} } @article {5864, title = {Methods to Assess Adverse Childhood Experiences of Children and Families: Toward Approaches to Promote Child Well-being in Policy and Practice}, journal = {Acad PediatrAcad Pediatr}, volume = {17}, number = {7s}, year = {2017}, note = {1876-2867
Bethell, Christina D
Carle, Adam
Hudziak, James
Gombojav, Narangerel
Powers, Kathleen
Wade, Roy
Braveman, Paula
K12 HD085848/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
United States
Acad Pediatr. 2017 Sep - Oct;17(7S):S51-S69. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2017.04.161.}, month = {Sep - Oct}, pages = {S51-s69}, edition = {2017/09/04}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Advances in human development sciences point to tremendous possibilities to promote healthy child development and well-being across life by proactively supporting safe, stable and nurturing family relationships (SSNRs), teaching resilience, and intervening early to promote healing the trauma and stress associated with disruptions in SSNRs. Assessing potential disruptions in SSNRs, such as adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), can contribute to assessing risk for trauma and chronic and toxic stress. Asking about ACEs can help with efforts to prevent and attenuate negative impacts on child development and both child and family well-being. Many methods to assess ACEs exist but have not been compared. The National Survey of Children{\textquoteright}s Health (NSCH) now measures ACEs for children, but requires further assessment and validation. METHODS: We identified and compared methods to assess ACEs among children and families, evaluated the acceptability and validity of the new NSCH-ACEs measure, and identified implications for assessing ACEs in research and practice. RESULTS: Of 14 ACEs assessment methods identified, 5 have been used in clinical settings (vs public health assessment or research) and all but 1 require self or parent report (3 allow child report). Across methods, 6 to 20 constructs are assessed, 4 of which are common to all: parental incarceration, domestic violence, household mental illness/suicide, household alcohol or substance abuse. Common additional content includes assessing exposure to neighborhood violence, bullying, discrimination, or parental death. All methods use a numeric, cumulative risk scoring methodology. The NSCH-ACEs measure was acceptable to respondents as evidenced by few missing values and no reduction in response rate attributable to asking about children{\textquoteright}s ACEs. The 9 ACEs assessed in the NSCH co-occur, with most children with 1 ACE having additional ACEs. This measure showed efficiency and confirmatory factor analysis as well as latent class analysis supported a cumulative risk scoring method. Formative as well as reflective measurement models further support cumulative risk scoring and provide evidence of predictive validity of the NSCH-ACEs. Common effects of ACEs across household income groups confirm information distinct from economic status is provided and suggest use of population-wide versus high-risk approaches to assessing ACEs. CONCLUSIONS: Although important variations exist, available ACEs measurement methods are similar and show consistent associations with poorer health outcomes in absence of protective factors and resilience. All methods reviewed appear to coincide with broader goals to facilitate health education, promote health and, where needed, to mitigate the trauma, chronic stress, and behavioral and emotional sequelae that can arise with exposure to ACEs. Assessing ACEs appears acceptable to individuals and families when conducted in population-based and clinical research contexts. Although research to date and neurobiological findings compel early identification and health education about ACEs in clinical settings, further research to guide use in pediatric practice is required, especially as it relates to distinguishing ACEs assessment from identifying current family psychosocial risks and child abuse. The reflective as well as formative psychometric analyses conducted in this study confirm use of cumulative risk scoring for the NSCH-ACEs measure. Even if children have not been exposed to ACEs, assessing ACEs has value as an educational tool for engaging and educating families and children about the importance of SSNRs and how to recognize and manage stress and learn resilience.}, keywords = {*adverse childhood experiences, *child health, *Child Welfare, *Life Change Events, *measurement, *Psychological Trauma, *resilience, *Stress, Psychological, Bullying, Child, Child of Impaired Parents, Domestic Violence, exposure to violence, Health Policy, Humans, Income, Mental Disorders, Parental Death, Prejudice, Reproducibility of Results, Residence Characteristics, Risk Assessment, Socioeconomic Factors, Substance-Related Disorders}, isbn = {1876-2859}, doi = {10.1016/j.acap.2017.04.161}, author = {Bethell, C. D. and Carle, A. and Hudziak, J. and Gombojav, N. and Powers, K. and Wade, R. and Braveman, P.} } @article {6117, title = {Mothers explanatory models of infant stress \& adversity in rural Haryana, India: qualitative findings from the Early Life Stress sub-study of the SPRING cluster-randomised controlled trial (SPRING-ELS)}, journal = {Wellcome Open Research}, volume = {3}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-01-2018}, pages = {153}, doi = {10.12688/wellcomeopenres10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14943.1}, url = {http://www.wellcomeopenresearch.orghttps://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/3-153/v1https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/3-153/v1/iparadigmshttps://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/3-153/v1/pdfhttps://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/3-153/v1/xml}, author = {Bhopal, Sunil and Verma, Deepali and Roy, Reetabrata and Divan, Gauri and Hill, Zelee and Kirkwood, Betty} } @article {274, title = {Mothers{\textquoteright} and Children{\textquoteright}s Concentrations of Oxytocin Following Close, Physical Interactions with Biological and Non-biological Children.}, journal = {Dev Psychobiol}, volume = {52}, year = {2010}, month = {2010 Jan}, pages = {100-107}, abstract = {

The current study examined the concentration of mothers\&$\#$39; peripherally produced oxytocin after close physical interactions with their biological and non-biological children. Each of 35 mothers and children participated in a computer game that promoted physical contact. In one interaction context, mothers interacted with their own children, and in the other context, mothers interacted with unfamiliar children. After the activity, urine samples were collected from the mothers and were assayed for oxytocin. Data from 26 mothers were available for oxytocin analyses. Oxytocin levels were higher among mothers following interactions with unfamiliar children than following interactions with their own children. Possible explanations for the differences in oxytocin levels across contexts are discussed.

}, issn = {1098-2302}, doi = {10.1002/dev.20411}, author = {Bick, Johanna and Dozier, Mary} } @book {491, title = {Moral Origins: The Evolution of Virtue, Altruism, and Shame}, year = {2012}, publisher = {Basic Books}, organization = {Basic Books}, isbn = {9780465029198}, url = {https://books.google.com/books?id=FHDSd-usvmEC}, author = {Boehm, C.} } @article {5011, title = {Mental health in postwar afghanistan}, journal = {JAMA}, volume = {292}, number = {5}, year = {2004}, note = {Bolton, Paul
Betancourt, Theresa Stichick
eng
Comment
Editorial
2004/08/05 05:00
JAMA. 2004 Aug 4;292(5):626-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.292.5.626.}, month = {Aug 4}, pages = {626-8}, keywords = {*Health Resources, *Mental Health Services, *Violence, *Warfare, Afghanistan/epidemiology, Anxiety Disorders/*epidemiology, Depressive Disorder/*epidemiology, Health Surveys, Humans, Mental Health/*statistics \& numerical data}, isbn = {1538-3598 (Electronic)
0098-7484 (Linking)}, author = {Bolton, P. and Betancourt, T. S.} } @article {281, title = {Mozambique child soldier life outcome study: lessons learned in rehabilitation and reintegration efforts.}, journal = {Glob Public Health}, volume = {1}, year = {2006}, month = {2006}, pages = {87-107}, abstract = {

As the use of child soldiers continues to proliferate throughout the world, effective psychosocial interventions must be developed and evaluated. Our research shows that former child soldiers who are provided rehabilitative services and accepted back into their families and communities are able to become productive, responsible and caring adults. In 1988, 39 captured or escaped child soldiers were brought by the Mozambican government to the Lhanguene Rehabilitation Center in Maputo, Mozambique\&$\#$39;s capital city. Interventions that focused on rehabilitating the children both psychologically and physically were initiated during their 6-month stay at the Lhanguene centre, and reintegration assistance was provided for 2 years thereafter to support their return to families and communities. Our research continued to follow these former child soldiers for 16 years, and focused on their psychological, social and economic functioning. The study included qualitative and quantitative data collection methods to obtain adult well-being outcomes and was also designed to identify interventions that enabled these child soldiers to re-enter civilian life and lead relatively productive lives. Efficacious rehabilitation activities included those that strengthened individuals\&$\#$39; coping skills for anticipated trauma and grief, instilled a sense of social responsibility and promoted self-regulation and security (versus survival) seeking behaviour. Activities that supported long term reintegration and self-sufficiency included community acceptance and forgiveness, traditional cleansing and healing rituals, livelihoods and apprenticeships.

}, keywords = {Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Ceremonial Behavior, Child, Child Abuse, Child Welfare, Combat Disorders, Family, Humans, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Military Personnel, Mozambique, Program Evaluation, Psychology, Adolescent, Psychology, Child, Qualitative Research, Rehabilitation Centers, Residence Characteristics, Self Concept, Social Responsibility, Social Support, Torture, War}, issn = {1744-1706}, doi = {10.1080/17441690500324347}, author = {Boothby, N and Crawford, J and Halperin, J} } @inbook {571, title = {Managing Differences in Conflict Resolution: The Role of Relational Empathy}, booktitle = {Conflict Resolution Theory and Practice: Integration and Application}, year = {1993}, pages = {95-111}, publisher = {Manchester Univ. Press}, organization = {Manchester Univ. Press}, address = {Manchester}, url = {https://books.google.com/books/about/Conflict_Resolution_Theory_and_Practice.html?id=4QkNAQAAIAAJ}, author = {B. J. Broome}, editor = {D. J. Sandole and H. van der Merwe} } @article {307, title = {Maternal programming of reproductive function and behavior in the female rat.}, journal = {Front Evol Neurosci}, volume = {3}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, pages = {10}, abstract = {

Parental investment can be used as a forecast for the environmental conditions in which offspring will develop to adulthood. In the rat, maternal behavior is transmitted to the next generation through epigenetic modifications such as methylation and histone acetylation, resulting in variations in estrogen receptor alpha expression. Natural variations in maternal care also influence the sexual strategy adult females will adopt later in life. Lower levels of maternal care are associated with early onset of puberty as well as increased motivation to mate and greater receptivity toward males during mating. Lower levels of maternal care are also correlated with greater activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, responsible for the expression of these behaviors. Contrary to the transition of maternal care, sexual behavior cannot simply be explained by maternal attention, since adoption studies changed the sexual phenotypes of offspring born to low caring mothers but not those from high caring dams. Indeed, mothers showing higher levels of licking/grooming have embryos that are exposed to high testosterone levels during development, and adoption studies suggest that this androgen exposure may protect their offspring from lower levels of maternal care. We propose that in the rat, maternal care and the in utero environment interact to influence the reproductive strategy female offspring display in adulthood and that this favors the species by allowing it to thrive under different environmental conditions.

}, issn = {1663-070X}, doi = {10.3389/fnevo.2011.00010}, author = {Cameron, N. M.} } @article {330, title = {Maternal posttraumatic stress disorder and depression in pediatric primary care: association with child maltreatment and frequency of child exposure to traumatic events.}, journal = {JAMA Pediatr}, volume = {167}, year = {2013}, month = {2013 Nov}, pages = {1011-8}, abstract = {

IMPORTANCE: Maternal posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with increased risk for child maltreatment and child exposure to traumatic events. Exposure to multiple traumatic events is associated with a wide range of adverse health and social outcomes in children.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the association of probable maternal depression, PTSD, and comorbid PTSD and depression with the risk for child maltreatment and parenting stress and with the number of traumatic events to which preschool children are exposed.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational design. We used analysis of variance to determine whether probable maternal psychopathology groups differed on child maltreatment, parenting stress, and children\&$\#$39;s exposure to traumatic events. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to examine the unique and interactive effects of depression and PTSD severity scores on these outcomes.

SETTING: Urban pediatric primary care outpatient clinic.

PARTICIPANTS: Ninety-seven mothers of children aged 3 to 5 years.

EXPOSURE: Pediatric primary care visit.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Probable maternal depression and/or PTSD, parenting stress, child exposure to traumatic events, and child maltreatment.

RESULTS: Mothers with probable comorbid PTSD and depression reported greater child-directed psychological aggression and physical assault and greater parenting stress. The children of mothers with PTSD (mean number of events the child was exposed to, 5.0) or with comorbid PTSD and depression (3.5 events) experienced more traumatic events than those of mothers with depression (1.2 events) or neither disorder (1.4 events). Severity of depressive symptoms uniquely predicted physical assault and neglect. Symptom scores for PTSD and depression interacted to predict psychological aggression and child exposure to traumatic events. When PTSD symptom severity scores were high, psychological aggression and the number of traumatic events children experienced rose. Depressive symptom severity scores predicted the risk for psychological aggression and exposure to traumatic events only when PTSD symptom severity scores were low.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Children of mothers with PTSD are exposed to more traumatic events. Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with an increased risk for child maltreatment beyond that associated with depression. Screening and intervention for maternal PTSD, in addition to maternal depression, may increase our ability to reduce children\&$\#$39;s exposure to traumatic stress and maltreatment.

}, keywords = {Adult, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Comorbidity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Mothers, Primary Health Care, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological}, issn = {2168-6211}, doi = {10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.2218}, author = {Chemtob, Claude M and Gudi{\~n}o, Omar G and Laraque, Danielle} } @article {6269, title = {Male involvement interventions and improved couples{\textquoteright} emotional relationships in Tanzania and Zimbabwe: {\textquoteleft}When we are walking together, I feel happy{\textquoteright}}, journal = {Culture, Health \& Sexuality}, year = {2019}, month = {Aug-08-2020}, pages = {1 - 18}, keywords = {couple relationships, Love, Male involvement, maternal and child health}, issn = {1369-1058}, doi = {10.1080/13691058.2019.1630564}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13691058.2019.1630564}, author = {Comrie-Thomson, Liz and Mavhu, Webster and Makungu, Christina and Nahar, Quamrun and Khan, Rasheda and Davis, Jessica and Stillo, Erica and Hamdani, Saadya and Luchters, Stanley and Vaughan, Cathy} } @article {5844, title = {Maternal perceptions of paternal investment are associated with relationship satisfaction and breastfeeding duration in humans.}, journal = {Journal of Family Psychology}, volume = {32}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-12-2018}, pages = {1025 - 1035}, issn = {0893-3200}, doi = {10.1037/fam0000468}, url = {http://doi.apa.org/getdoi.cfm?doi=10.1037/fam0000468http://psycnet.apa.org/journals/fam/32/8/1025.pdf}, author = {Tombeau Cost, Katherine and Jonas, Wibke and Unternaehrer, Eva and Dudin, Aya and Szatmari, Peter and Gaudreau, H{\'e}l{\`e}ne and Kennedy, James and Atkinson, Leslie and Steiner, Meir and Meaney, Michael and Fleming, Alison} } @article {2766, title = {Methylation of the oxytocin receptor gene and oxytocin blood levels in the development of psychopathy}, journal = {Dev Psychopathol}, volume = {26}, number = {1}, year = {2014}, note = {Dadds, Mark R
Moul, Caroline
Cauchi, Avril
Dobson-Stone, Carol
Hawes, David J
Brennan, John
Ebstein, Richard E
eng
2013/09/26 06:00
Dev Psychopathol. 2014 Feb;26(1):33-40. doi: 10.1017/S0954579413000497. Epub 2013 Sep 23.}, month = {Feb}, pages = {33-40}, abstract = {Child conduct problems (CPs) are a robust predictor of adult mental health; the concurrence of callous-unemotional (CU) traits confers specific risk for psychopathy. Psychopathy may be related to disturbances in the oxytocin (OXT) system. Evidence suggests that epigenetic changes in the OXT receptor gene (OXTR) are associated with lower circulating OXT and social-cognitive difficulties. We tested methylation levels of OXTR in 4- to 16-year-old males who met DSM criteria for a diagnosis of oppositional-defiant or conduct disorder and were stratified by CU traits and age. Measures were DNA methylation levels of six CpG sites in the promoter region of the OXTR gene (where a CpG site is a cytosine nucleotide occurs next to a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its lenth, linked together by phosphate binding), and OXT blood levels. High CU traits were associated with greater methylation of the OXTR gene for two cytosine nucleotide and guanine nucleotide phosphate linked sites and lower circulating OXT in older males. Higher methylation correlated with lower OXT levels. We conclude that greater methylation of OXTR characterizes adolescent males with high levels of CU and CPs, and this methylation is associated with lower circulating OXT and functional impairment in interpersonal empathy. The results add genetic evidence that high CU traits specify a distinct subgroup within CP children, and they suggest models of psychopathy may be informed by further identification of these epigenetic processes and their functional significance.}, keywords = {*DNA Methylation, Adolescent, Age Factors, Antisocial Personality Disorder/blood/*genetics/psychology, Child, Conduct Disorder/blood/*genetics/psychology, Empathy, Epigenesis, Genetic, Family, Humans, Male, Oxytocin/*blood, Receptors, Oxytocin/*genetics, Social Environment}, isbn = {1469-2198 (Electronic)
0954-5794 (Linking)}, doi = {10.1017/S0954579413000497}, url = {http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24059811}, author = {Dadds, M. R. and Moul, C. and Cauchi, A. and Dobson-Stone, C. and Hawes, D. J. and Brennan, J. and Ebstein, R. E.} } @article {5878, title = {Maternal history of autoimmune disease and later development of tourette syndrome in offspring}, journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry}, volume = {54}, number = {6}, year = {2015}, note = {1527-5418
Dalsgaard, Soren
Waltoft, Berit L
Leckman, James F
Mortensen, Preben Bo
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
United States
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2015 Jun;54(6):495-501.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2015.03.008. Epub 2015 Mar 17.}, month = {Jun}, pages = {495-501.e1}, edition = {2015/05/26}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: In a nationwide prospective cohort study, we examined the possible association between maternal autoimmune disease (AD) and later diagnosis of Tourette syndrome (TS) in offspring. METHOD: Data from national Danish health registers identified a cohort consisting of all children born in Denmark between 1990 and 2007 (n = 1,116,255), followed prospectively from birth until 2011, date of TS diagnosis, death, or emigration/disappearance, whichever came first. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of TS, dependent on whether or not the mother had a prior diagnosis of AD, was estimated by Poisson regression with 95\% CIs and adjusted for age, calendar time, place of birth, maternal and paternal age, parental psychiatric diagnoses other than TS, and parental TS. RESULTS: The cohort contributed a total of 13,000,162 person years and 2,442 participants with a diagnosis of TS (414 females and 2,028 males). Prior maternal AD was found in 110 of the 2,442 children with TS, corresponding to an increased risk of TS, with an adjusted IRR of 1.22 (95\% CI = 1.01-1.48). Maternal history of a prior AD increased the risk of TS in males, with an adjusted IRR of 1.29 (95\% CI = 1.05-1.58), but not in females, with an adjusted IRR of 0.89 (95\% CI = 0.52-1.52). CONCLUSION: Maternal AD was associated with a 29\% increased incidence rate of TS in male offspring. This finding supports the hypothesis that neuroimmunological disorders may act as a component in the etiology of a subset of TS.}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, autoimmune disease, Autoimmune Diseases/*epidemiology, Child, cohort study, Denmark, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Mothers, neuroimmunology, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/*epidemiology, Prospective Studies, Registries, Regression Analysis, Sex Factors, tics, Tourette syndrome, Tourette Syndrome/diagnosis/*etiology, Young Adult}, isbn = {0890-8567}, doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2015.03.008}, author = {Dalsgaard, S. and Waltoft, B. L. and Leckman, J. F. and Mortensen, P. B.} } @book {517, title = {Monitoring Child Well-being: A South African Rights-based Approach}, year = {2007}, note = {(Society)}, publisher = {HSRC Publishers}, organization = {HSRC Publishers}, isbn = {9780796921772}, url = {http://www.hsrc.ac.za/uploads/pageContent/1651/Monitoringchildwell-beingASouthAfricanrightsbasedapproach.pdf}, author = {Dawes, A. and Bray, R. and Van der Merwe, A. and R{\"a}dda barnen} } @article {6271, title = {Making life better for Children on the Move promising practices for working with and supporting children on the move}, year = {2019}, institution = {Destination Unknown}, abstract = {

}, keywords = {displaced children, Migrant children, refugee children}, url = {https://destination-unknown.org/wp-content/uploads/destination-unknown-web-28012019.pdf}, author = {DestinationUnknown} } @article {2866, title = {Maternal responsiveness moderates the relationship between allostatic load and working memory}, journal = {Dev PsychopatholDevelopment and PsychopathologyDevelopment and Psychopathology}, volume = {23}, number = {3}, year = {2011}, note = {1469-2198
Doan, Stacey N
Evans, Gary W
Journal Article
United States
Dev Psychopathol. 2011 Aug;23(3):873-80. doi: 10.1017/S0954579411000368.}, month = {Aug}, pages = {873-80}, edition = {2011/07/16}, abstract = {A substantial amount of research has demonstrated the deleterious effects of chronic stress on memory. However, much less is known about protective factors. In the current study we test the role of maternal responsiveness in buffering the effects of childhood allostatic load on subsequent adolescent working memory. Allostatic load is a marker of cumulative stress on the body that is caused by mobilization of multiple physiological systems in response to chronic environmental demands. Results of the study suggest that allostatic load negatively affects working memory, but that this effect is significantly attenuated in children with responsive mothers.}, keywords = {*Mother-Child Relations, Adaptation, Physiological/physiology, Adolescent, Allostasis/*physiology, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Memory, Short-Term/*physiology, Poverty, Stress, Physiological/*physiology, Stress, Psychological/*physiopathology}, isbn = {0954-5794}, author = {Doan, S. N. and Evans, G. W.} } @article {2871, title = {Mechanisms in the cycle of violence}, journal = {Science}, volume = {250}, number = {4988}, year = {1990}, note = {Dodge, K A
Bates, J E
Pettit, G S
eng
42498/PHS HHS/
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, P.H.S.
1990/12/21
Science. 1990 Dec 21;250(4988):1678-83.}, month = {Dec 21}, pages = {1678-83}, abstract = {Two questions concerning the effect of physical abuse in early childhood on the child{\textquoteright}s development of aggressive behavior are the focus of this article. The first is whether abuse per se has deleterious effects. In earlier studies, in which samples were nonrepresentative and family ecological factors (such as poverty, marital violence, and family instability) and child biological variables (such as early health problems and temperament) were ignored, findings have been ambiguous. Results from a prospective study of a representative sample of 309 children indicated that physical abuse is indeed a risk factor for later aggressive behavior even when the other ecological and biological factors are known. The second question concerns the processes by which antisocial development occurs in abused children. Abused children tended to acquire deviant patterns of processing social information, and these may mediate the development of aggressive behavior.}, keywords = {*Aggression, *Child Abuse, *Child Development, *Violence, Child, Preschool, Humans, Probability, Risk Factors, Temperament}, isbn = {0036-8075 (Print)
0036-8075 (Linking)}, author = {Dodge, K. A. and Bates, J. E. and Pettit, G. S.} } @book {2646, title = {The Moral Psychology Handbook}, year = {2010}, publisher = {OUP Oxford}, organization = {OUP Oxford}, isbn = {9780199582143}, url = {https://books.google.com/books?id=N_mW2tpvf1cC}, author = {Doris, J.M. and Group, T.M.P.R.} } @article {6210, title = {The meanings of spaces in ECEC centres: A literature review}, year = {2019}, publisher = {EDUCAS}, keywords = {Belgium, early childhood development, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands}, url = {https://www.issa.nl/sites/default/files/u327/EDUCAS\%20Literature\%20Review\%20.pdf}, author = {EDUCAS} } @article {4911, title = {Multi-tier mental health program for refugee youth}, journal = {J Consult Clin Psychol}, volume = {81}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, note = {Ellis, B Heidi
Miller, Alisa B
Abdi, Saida
Barrett, Colleen
Blood, Emily A
Betancourt, Theresa S
eng
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
2012/08/29 06:00
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2013 Feb;81(1):129-40. doi: 10.1037/a0029844. Epub 2012 Aug 27.}, month = {Feb}, pages = {129-40}, abstract = {OBJECTIVE: We sought to establish that refugee youths who receive a multi-tiered approach to services, Project SHIFA, would show high levels of engagement in treatment appropriate to their level of mental health distress, improvements in mental health symptoms, and a decrease in resource hardships. METHOD: Study participants were 30 Somali and Somali Bantu refugee youths in the English language learner classroom in a middle school in New England. Project SHIFA is a multi-tiered program including prevention and community resilience building for the community at large, school-based early intervention groups for at-risk students, and direct intervention using an established trauma model (trauma systems therapy) for those with significant psychological distress. Data were collected from students at time of enrollment, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up. Measures used were the War Trauma Screening Scale, Adolescent Post-War Adversities Scale-Somali version, UCLA PTSD Reaction Index for DSM-IV (Revision 1), and the Depression Self-Rating Scale. RESULTS: Students across all tiers of the program demonstrated improvements in mental health and resources. Resource hardships were significantly associated with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder over time, and the stabilization of resource hardships coincided with significant improvements in symptoms of depression and posttraumatic stress disorder for the top tier of participants. CONCLUSIONS: Project SHIFA is a promising model of treatment for young refugees.}, keywords = {*Mental Health, Adolescent, Adolescent Health Services, Child, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mental Health Services, Refugees/*psychology, School Health Services, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/psychology/*therapy, Warfare}, isbn = {1939-2117 (Electronic)
0022-006X (Linking)}, author = {Ellis, B. H. and Miller, A. B. and Abdi, S. and Barrett, C. and Blood, E. A. and Betancourt, T. S.} } @article {5316, title = {More than One Way to Get There: Pathways of Change in Coparenting Conflict after a Preventive Intervention}, journal = {Fam Process}, volume = {54}, number = {4}, year = {2015}, note = {Epstein, Kenneth
Pruett, Marsha Kline
Cowan, Philip
Cowan, Carolyn
Pradhan, Lisa
Mah, Elisabeth
Pruett, Kyle
eng
Randomized Controlled Trial
2015/02/14 06:00
Fam Process. 2015 Dec;54(4):610-8. doi: 10.1111/famp.12138. Epub 2015 Feb 11.}, month = {Dec}, pages = {610-8}, abstract = {This study explored pathways of change in the levels of conflict couples experienced after Supporting Father Involvement, an evidence-based, prevention-oriented couples and parenting intervention that included a diverse low-income and working class group of participants. Pathways of change were examined for couples with baseline conflict scores that were initially low, medium, and high. The growth mixture model analysis found that the best-fitting model for change in couples{\textquoteright} conflict was represented by three distinctly different change patterns. The intervention was most successful for High-Conflict couples. This finding contributes to a growing literature examining variations in how relationships change over time and the process of change, especially for couples in distress. This study supports further investigation into the impact and costs associated with universal interventions versus those that target specific groups of higher risk families.}, keywords = {*Family Conflict, *Parenting, Adult, cambio, Case Management, Change, Child, Preschool, co-crianza, Communication, conflict, conflicto, Coparenting, Couples, Couples Therapy/*methods, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Marriage, matrimonio, Models, Psychological, parejas, Parents/*psychology, Paternal Behavior, prevencion, prevention, Young Adult}, isbn = {1545-5300 (Electronic)
0014-7370 (Linking)}, author = {Epstein, K. and Pruett, M. K. and Cowan, P. and Cowan, C. and Pradhan, L. and Mah, E. and Pruett, K.} } @article {5884, title = {Maternal immune activation: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders}, journal = {Science}, volume = {353}, number = {6301}, year = {2016}, note = {1095-9203
Estes, Myka L
McAllister, A Kimberley
P50 MH106438/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
R01 NS060125/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
P50-MH106438-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
R01-NS060125-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
Review
United States
Science. 2016 Aug 19;353(6301):772-7. doi: 10.1126/science.aag3194.}, month = {Aug 19}, pages = {772-7}, edition = {2016/08/20}, abstract = {Epidemiological evidence implicates maternal infection as a risk factor for autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia. Animal models corroborate this link and demonstrate that maternal immune activation (MIA) alone is sufficient to impart lifelong neuropathology and altered behaviors in offspring. This Review describes common principles revealed by these models, highlighting recent findings that strengthen their relevance for schizophrenia and autism and are starting to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of MIA on offspring. The role of MIA as a primer for a much wider range of psychiatric and neurologic disorders is also discussed. Finally, the need for more research in this nascent field and the implications for identifying and developing new treatments for individuals at heightened risk for neuroimmune disorders are considered.}, keywords = {Adolescent, Animals, Autism Spectrum Disorder/epidemiology/*immunology, Brain/*immunology/physiopathology, Child, Child, Preschool, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Gastrointestinal Tract/immunology, Humans, Immune System Diseases/epidemiology/*immunology, Immune System/immunology, Mothers, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology/*immunology, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia/epidemiology/*immunology, Young Adult}, isbn = {0036-8075}, doi = {10.1126/science.aag3194}, author = {Estes, M. L. and McAllister, A. K.} } @article {345, title = {Mental health of displaced and refugee children resettled in high-income countries: risk and protective factors.}, journal = {Lancet}, volume = {379}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Jan 21}, pages = {266-82}, abstract = {

We undertook a systematic search and review of individual, family, community, and societal risk and protective factors for mental health in children and adolescents who are forcibly displaced to high-income countries. Exposure to violence has been shown to be a key risk factor, whereas stable settlement and social support in the host country have a positive effect on the child\&$\#$39;s psychological functioning. Further research is needed to identify the relevant processes, contexts, and interplay between the many predictor variables hitherto identified as affecting mental health vulnerability and resilience. Research designs are needed that enable longitudinal investigation of individual, community, and societal contexts, rather than designs restricted to investigation of the associations between adverse exposures and psychological symptoms. We emphasise the need to develop comprehensive policies to ensure a rapid resolution of asylum claims and the effective integration of internally displaced and refugee children.

}, keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Developed Countries, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Mental Health, Parenting, Parents, Refugees, Risk Management, Social Problems, Social Support, Socioeconomic Factors, Violence, War}, issn = {1474-547X}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60051-2}, author = {Fazel, M. and Reed, R. V. and Panter-Brick, C. and Stein, A.} } @article {178, title = {Maternal and paternal plasma, salivary, and urinary oxytocin and parent-infant synchrony: considering stress and affiliation components of human bonding.}, journal = {Dev Sci}, volume = {14}, year = {2011}, month = {2011 Jul}, pages = {752-61}, abstract = {

Studies in mammals have implicated the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) in processes of bond formation and stress modulation, yet the involvement of OT in human bonding throughout life remains poorly understood. We assessed OT in the plasma, saliva, and urine of 112 mothers and fathers interacting with their 4-6-month-old infants. Parent-infant interactions were micro-coded for parent and child\&$\#$39;s social behaviors and for the temporal coordination of their socio-affective cues. Parents were interviewed regarding their attachment to the infant and reported on bonding to own parents, romantic attachment, and parenting stress. Results indicated that OT in plasma (pOT) and saliva (sOT) were inter-related and were unrelated to OT in urine (uOT). pOT and sOT in mothers and fathers were associated with parent and child\&$\#$39;s social engagement, affect synchrony, and positive communicative sequences between parent and child. uOT was related to moments of interactive stress among mothers only, indexed by the co-occurrence of infant negative engagement and mother re-engagement attempts. pOT and sOT were associated with mothers\&$\#$39; and fathers\&$\#$39; attachment relationships throughout life: to own parents, partner, and infant, whereas uOT correlated with relationship anxiety and parenting stress among mothers only. Similar to other mammals, OT is involved in human attachment and contingent parenting. The dual role of OT in stress and affiliation underscores its complex involvement in processes of social bonding throughout life.

}, keywords = {Adult, Anxiety, Fathers, Female, Humans, Infant, Love, Male, Mothers, Object Attachment, Oxytocin, Parent-Child Relations, Parenting, Saliva, Social Behavior, Stress, Psychological}, issn = {1467-7687}, doi = {10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.01021.x}, author = {Feldman, Ruth and Gordon, Ilanit and Zagoory-Sharon, Orna} } @article {5887, title = {Maternal Interpersonal Trauma and Child Social-Emotional Development: An Intergenerational Effect}, journal = {Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol}, volume = {31}, number = {2}, year = {2017}, note = {1365-3016
Folger, Alonzo T
Orcid: 0000-0002-0849-723x
Putnam, Karen T
Putnam, Frank W
Peugh, James L
Eismann, Emily A
Sa, Ting
Shapiro, Robert A
Van Ginkel, Judith B
Ammerman, Robert T
R01 MH087499/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
England
Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2017 Mar;31(2):99-107. doi: 10.1111/ppe.12341. Epub 2017 Jan 31.}, month = {Mar}, pages = {99-107}, edition = {2017/02/01}, abstract = {BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that maternal interpersonal trauma can adversely affect offspring health, but little is known about potential transmission pathways. We investigated whether interpersonal trauma exposure had direct and indirect associations with offspring social-emotional development at 12-months of age in an at-risk, home visited population. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 1172 mother-child dyads who participated in a multi-site, early childhood home visiting program. Children were born January 2007 to June 2010 and data were collected at enrolment (prenatal/birth) through 12-months of age. Multivariable path analyses were used to examine the relationship between maternal interpersonal trauma, subsequent psychosocial mediators (maternal depressive symptoms, social support, and home environment), and the outcome of child social-emotional development measured with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE). Maternal interpersonal trauma was characterized as any previous exposure, the level of exposure, and type (e.g. abuse) of exposure. RESULTS: The prevalence of maternal interpersonal trauma exposure was 69.1\%, and exposures ranged from 1 type (19.3\%) to 7 types (2.3\%). Interpersonal trauma was associated with a 3.6 point (95\% confidence interval 1.8, 5.4) higher ASQ:SE score among offspring and indicated greater developmental risk. An estimated 23.4\% of the total effect was mediated by increased maternal depressive symptoms and lower social support. Differential effects were observed by the level and type of interpersonal trauma exposure. CONCLUSION: Maternal interpersonal trauma exposures can negatively impact child social-emotional development, acting in part through maternal psychosocial factors. Future research is needed to further elucidate the mechanisms of intergenerational risk.}, keywords = {*depression, *Emotions, *home visiting, *Interpersonal Relations, *maternal interpersonal trauma, *Social Support, *social-emotional development, Child, Depression/psychology, Developmental Disabilities/*psychology, exposure to violence, Female, Humans, Maternal Exposure, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers/psychology, Psychological Trauma/*psychology, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult}, isbn = {0269-5022}, doi = {10.1111/ppe.12341}, author = {Folger, A. T. and Putnam, K. T. and Putnam, F. W. and Peugh, J. L. and Eismann, E. A. and Sa, T. and Shapiro, R. A. and Van Ginkel, J. B. and Ammerman, R. T.} } @article {5026, title = {Maternal education preferences moderate the effects of mandatory employment and education programs on child positive and problem behaviors}, journal = {Child Dev}, volume = {84}, number = {1}, year = {2013}, note = {Gassman-Pines, Anna
Godfrey, Erin B
Yoshikawa, Hirokazu
eng
P2C HD065563/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/
R24 HD065563/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/
F31 MH082535/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
F31 MH070128/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
F31-MH082535/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
F31-MH070128/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.
2012/08/07 06:00
Child Dev. 2013 Jan-Feb;84(1):198-208. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01832.x. Epub 2012 Aug 3.}, month = {Jan-Feb}, pages = {198-208}, abstract = {Grounded in person-environment fit theory, this study examined whether low-income mothers{\textquoteright} preferences for education moderated the effects of employment- and education-focused welfare programs on children{\textquoteright}s positive and problem behaviors. The sample included 1,365 families with children between ages 3 and 5 years at study entry. Results 5 years after random assignment, when children were ages 8-10 years, indicated that mothers{\textquoteright} education preferences did moderate program impacts on teacher-reported child behavior problems and positive behavior. Children whose mothers were assigned to the education program were rated by teachers to have less externalizing behavior and more positive behavior than children whose mothers were assigned to the employment program but only when mothers had strong preferences for education.}, keywords = {*Child Behavior, *Education, *Mandatory Programs, Child, Child Behavior Disorders/*psychology, Choice Behavior, Educational Status, Employment/*psychology, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Mothers/*psychology, Personal Satisfaction, Random Allocation, Social Security, United States}, isbn = {1467-8624 (Electronic)
0009-3920 (Linking)}, author = {Gassman-Pines, A. and Godfrey, E. B. and Yoshikawa, H.} } @article {668, title = {Medical humanitarianism: Research insights in a changing field of practice Introduction}, journal = {Social Science \& MedicineSocial Science \& MedicineSocial Science \& Medicine}, volume = {120}, year = {2014}, note = {At8ju
Times Cited:0
Cited References Count:60}, month = {Nov}, pages = {311-316}, keywords = {agency, conflict, health-care, im/migrants, ngos, Refugees, tel-aviv, Violence}, isbn = {0277-9536}, doi = {10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.09.027}, author = {Good, B. J. and Good, M. J. D. and Abramowitz, S. and Kleinman, A. and Panter-Brick, C.} } @article {6255, title = {Men{\textquoteright}s roles in care seeking for maternal and newborn health: a qualitative study applying the three delays model to male involvement in Morogoro Region, Tanzania}, journal = {BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth}, volume = {19}, year = {2019}, month = {Jan-12-2019}, keywords = {Care seeking, Gender, Healthcare financing, Male involvement, maternal health, Newborn health, Tanzania}, doi = {10.1186/s12884-019-2439-8}, url = {https://bmcpregnancychildbirth.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s12884-019-2439-8}, author = {Greenspan, Jesse A. and Chebet, Joy J. and Mpembeni, Rose and Mosha, Idda and Mpunga, Maurus and Winch, Peter J. and Killewo, Japhet and Baqui, Abdullah H. and McMahon, Shannon A.} } @article {5891, title = {Maternal Inflammation and Neurodevelopmental Programming: A Review of Preclinical Outcomes and Implications for Translational Psychiatry}, journal = {Biol Psychiatry}, volume = {85}, number = {2}, year = {2019}, note = {1873-2402
Gumusoglu, Serena B
Stevens, Hanna E
P30 ES005605/ES/NIEHS NIH HHS/United States
Journal Article
Review
United States
Biol Psychiatry. 2019 Jan 15;85(2):107-121. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.08.008. Epub 2018 Aug 27.}, month = {Jan 15}, pages = {107-121}, edition = {2018/10/16}, abstract = {Early disruptions to neurodevelopment are highly relevant to understanding both psychiatric risk and underlying pathophysiology that can be targeted by new treatments. Much convergent evidence from the human literature associates inflammation during pregnancy with later neuropsychiatric disorders in offspring. Preclinical models of prenatal inflammation have been developed to examine the causal maternal physiological and offspring neural mechanisms underlying these findings. Here we review the strengths and limitations of preclinical models used for these purposes and describe selected studies that have shown maternal immune impacts on the brain and behavior of offspring. Maternal immune activation in mice, rats, nonhuman primates, and other mammalian model species have demonstrated convergent outcomes across methodologies. These outcomes include shifts and/or disruptions in the normal developmental trajectory of molecular and cellular processes in the offspring brain. Prenatal developmental origins are critical to a mechanistic understanding of maternal immune activation-induced alterations to microglia and immune molecules, brain growth and development, synaptic morphology and physiology, and anxiety- and depression-like, sensorimotor, and social behaviors. These phenotypes are relevant to brain functioning across domains and to anxiety and mood disorders, schizophrenia, and autism spectrum disorder, in which they have been identified. By turning a neurodevelopmental lens on this body of work, we emphasize the importance of acute changes to the prenatal offspring brain in fostering a better understanding of potential mechanisms for intervention. Collectively, overlapping results across maternal immune activation studies also highlight the need to examine preclinical offspring neurodevelopment alterations in terms of a multifactorial immune milieu, or immunome, to determine potential mechanisms of psychiatric risk.}, keywords = {Animal model, Behavioral neuroscience, Maternal immune activation, Molecular and cellular psychiatry, neurodevelopment, Prenatal inflammation}, isbn = {0006-3223}, doi = {10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.08.008}, author = {Gumusoglu, S. B. and Stevens, H. E.} } @article {6370, title = {Maternal perceptions of father involvement among refugee and disadvantaged families in Beirut, Lebanon}, journal = {PLOS ONE}, volume = {15}, year = {2020}, month = {May-03-2020}, pages = {e0229670}, keywords = {co-parenting, father involvement, harsh discipline, Lebanon, maternal mental health, parenting stress, paternal involvement, refugee families}, doi = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229670}, url = {https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0229670}, author = {Hein, Sascha and Bick, Johanna and Issa, Ghassan and Aoude, Lara and Maalouf, Cosette and Awar, Abir and Nourallah, Sawsan and Zonderman, Anna L. and Householder, Sarah and Katsovich, Liliya and Khoshnood, Kaveh and Moore, Christina and Salah, Rima and Britto, Pia R. and Leckman, James F. and Ponguta, Liliana Angelica}, editor = {Fischer, Florian} } @article {5481, title = {Maternal depression and mental health in early childhood: an examination of underlying mechanisms in low-income and middle-income countries}, journal = {Lancet Psychiatry}, volume = {3}, number = {10}, year = {2016}, note = {Herba, Catherine M
Glover, Vivette
Ramchandani, Paul G
Rondon, Marta B
eng
Review
England
2016/09/22 06:00
Lancet Psychiatry. 2016 Oct;3(10):983-992. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30148-1. Epub 2016 Sep 17.}, month = {Oct}, pages = {983-992}, abstract = {Studies examining mechanisms underlying associations between maternal depression and adverse child outcomes (including behaviour, socioemotional adjustment, and emotion regulation) indicate that during pregnancy, maternal depression could affect child outcomes through altered placental function, epigenetic changes in the child, and stress reactivity. Infection and dietary deficiencies in the mother and the child, together with the child{\textquoteright}s genetic vulnerability, might also affect outcome. Postnatally, associations between maternal depression and child outcome are influenced by altered mother-child interactions, sociodemographic or environmental influences, and social support. Knowledge is scarce on mechanisms in low-income and middle-income countries where maternal depression is highly prevalent, and stressful factors that influence the development of perinatal maternal depression and adverse child outcome (eg, food insecurity, perinatal infections, crowded or rural living conditions, and interpersonal violence) are both more intense and more common than in high-income countries. We reviewed evidence and use the biopsychosocial model to illustrate risk factors, mediators and moderators underlying associations between maternal depression and child outcomes in low-income and middle-income countries.}, keywords = {*Developing Countries, Child, Preschool, Depressive Disorder/*epidemiology, Female, Humans, Infant, Pregnancy, Pregnant Women/*psychology, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Risk Factors}, isbn = {2215-0374 (Electronic)
2215-0366 (Linking)}, author = {Herba, C. M. and Glover, V. and Ramchandani, P. G. and Rondon, M. B.} } @article {721, title = {More than Manners: Conflict Resolution in Primary Level Classrooms}, journal = {Early Childhood Education Journal}, volume = {35}, year = {2007}, month = {Jun-09-2008}, pages = {119 - 126}, issn = {1082-3301}, doi = {10.1007/s10643-007-0185-4}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10643-007-0185-4http://www.springerlink.com/index/pdf/10.1007/s10643-007-0185-4}, author = {Heydenberk, Warren and Heydenberk, Roberta} } @book {6478, title = {My Hero is You, Storybook for Children on COVID-19 (available in 24 languages)}, year = {2020}, publisher = {Inter-Agency Standing Committee}, organization = {Inter-Agency Standing Committee}, keywords = {children, COVID-19, resilience}, url = {https://interagencystandingcommittee.org/iasc-reference-group-mental-health-and-psychosocial-support-emergency-settings/my-hero-you}, author = {IASC} } @article {7329, title = {Missing from the story: The urgent need for better data to protect children on the move}, year = {2021}, institution = { International Data Alliance for Children on the Move (IDAC)}, keywords = {children on the move, Displaced persons, migrants and refugees}, url = {https://data.unicef.org/resources/idac-data-insight-1/}, author = {IDAC} } @article {5902, title = {Mediating effects of parental psychological distress and individual-level social capital on the association between child poverty and maltreatment in Japan}, journal = {Child Abuse Negl}, volume = {83}, year = {2018}, note = {1873-7757
Isumi, Aya
Fujiwara, Takeo
Nawa, Nobutoshi
Ochi, Manami
Kato, Tsuguhiko
Journal Article
England
Child Abuse Negl. 2018 Sep;83:142-150. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.07.005. Epub 2018 Jul 17.}, month = {Sep}, pages = {142-150}, edition = {2018/07/20}, abstract = {Child poverty is well known as a major risk factor for child maltreatment. However, it is not known whether parental psychological distress and individual-level social capital mediate the association. We examined the mediation effect of these two factors on the association between child poverty and maltreatment. In the Adachi Child Health Impact of Living Difficulty (A-CHILD) Study, a questionnaire was administered to all caregivers of first-grade children in every public elementary school in Adachi City between July and November 2015, and valid responses were used for analysis (N=3944). Logistic and Poisson regression analyses were employed to examine the association between child poverty and maltreatment. Child poverty was defined in this study as meeting one of these criteria: 1) household income less than 3 million yen; 2) deprivation of specific material items that children or the household requires, or 3) experience of being unable to pay for lifeline utilities. Child maltreatment (physical abuse, neglect, and psychological abuse) was answered by parents. We confirmed a robust association between child poverty and maltreatment. Mediation analysis indicated that parental psychological distress mediated more than 60\% of the association between child poverty on physical abuse and psychological abuse, while individual-level social capital mediated only 10\% of the association with any type of maltreatment. In addition, structural equation modeling analysis revealed that the association was mediated by both parental psychological distress and social capital simultaneously. The findings suggest that supporting parental psychological distress may be an effective intervention to remedy the negative impact of child poverty on maltreatment.}, keywords = {Child maltreatment, child poverty, Social capital, Social Support}, isbn = {0145-2134}, doi = {10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.07.005}, author = {Isumi, A. and Fujiwara, T. and Nawa, N. and Ochi, M. and Kato, T.} } @article {369, title = {Mental health research in the Syrian humanitarian crisis.}, journal = {Front Public Health}, volume = {2}, year = {2014}, month = {2014}, pages = {44}, issn = {2296-2565}, doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2014.00044}, author = {Jefee-Bahloul, Hussam and Khoshnood, Kaveh} } @article {189, title = {A meta-analytic review of components associated with parent training program effectiveness.}, journal = {J Abnorm Child Psychol}, volume = {36}, year = {2008}, month = {2008 May}, pages = {567-89}, abstract = {

This component analysis used meta-analytic techniques to synthesize the results of 77 published evaluations of parent training programs (i.e., programs that included the active acquisition of parenting skills) to enhance behavior and adjustment in children aged 0-7. Characteristics of program content and delivery method were used to predict effect sizes on measures of parenting behaviors and children\&$\#$39;s externalizing behavior. After controlling for differences attributable to research design, program components consistently associated with larger effects included increasing positive parent-child interactions and emotional communication skills, teaching parents to use time out and the importance of parenting consistency, and requiring parents to practice new skills with their children during parent training sessions. Program components consistently associated with smaller effects included teaching parents problem solving; teaching parents to promote children\&$\#$39;s cognitive, academic, or social skills; and providing other, additional services. The results have implications for selection and strengthening of existing parent training programs.

}, keywords = {Aggression, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child of Impaired Parents, Child, Preschool, Education, Humans, Infant, Parenting, Personality Development, Problem Solving, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Social Adjustment, Socialization, Treatment Outcome}, issn = {0091-0627}, doi = {10.1007/s10802-007-9201-9}, author = {Kaminski, Jennifer Wyatt and Valle, Linda Anne and Filene, Jill H and Boyle, Cynthia L} } @article {3261, title = {"Mothers Speaking: A Study on the Experience of Mothers with Mother-Child Education Program (MOCEP) "}, year = {2009}, publisher = {University Faculty of Education}, address = {Bebek Istanbul}, doi = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13502930485209351}, author = {A. Ko{\c c}ak and S. Bekman} } @article {614, title = {Mothers speaking: A study on the experience of mothers with mother-child education program (MOCEP)}, journal = {European Early Childhood Education Research Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2007}, month = {06/2007}, publisher = {Bo{\u g}azi{\c c}i University Faculty of Education}, chapter = {115}, address = {Istanbul, Turkey}, abstract = {

This study aimed to investigate the experiences of mothers participating in MOCEP in Istanbul, through a qualitative research methodology. Overall effectiveness of the programme, its implementation and how the mothers benefited were the main concerns. The study was carried out with 20 mothers. Individual and focus interviews, participant observation and diary keeping were used. The results revealed that the programme created some changes in mother-child relationship, in mothers, children and fathers. The effects of the programme were categorised as direct and side effects, and the direction of the effect was indicated as positive or negative. The effects of the programme on mothers were examined in two aspects: the change in the mother\&$\#$39;s behaviour and perceptions. This change in the mother was found to have three addressees: the children, the husbands and the mother herself. In addition, a causal network was used to display the relationship between the programme, the mother, the child and the father.

}, url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13502930485209351}, author = {Ko{\c c}ak, A. and S. Bekman} } @article {416, title = {Maternal behavior and developmental psychopathology.}, journal = {Biol Psychiatry}, volume = {51}, year = {2002}, month = {2002 Jan 1}, pages = {27-43}, abstract = {

This paper reviews recent developments in the phenomenology, neurobiology, and genetics of maternal behavior in animal model systems from an evolutionary perspective on psychopathology. Following a review of the phenomenology and neurobiology of maternal behavior, recent studies addressing the role of genetic factors in the maternal behavior of rodents were identified in a search of literature in peer-reviewed journals. Gene knockout studies were evaluated with regard to mouse strain background, method of behavioral phenotyping, and quantification of the behavioral deficits. Gene knockout data were then analyzed using a cluster analysis technique. At least nine genes have been identified that are necessary for the expression of one or more aspects of maternal behavior. These genes encode for three transcription factors: three enzymes, including dopamine beta hydroxylase and neuronal nitric oxide synthase; two receptors, including the prolactin and the estrogen alpha receptor; and one neuropeptide, oxytocin. Cluster analysis suggested possible relationships between specific genes. Gene knockout technology has provided new insights into the molecular basis of maternal behavior that are congruent with the existing neurobiological literature. Future studies of genetic and environmental influences on maternal behavior have the potential to inform models of disease pathogenesis.

}, keywords = {Animals, Autistic Disorder, Behavior, Animal, Biological Evolution, Brain, Cluster Analysis, Disease Models, Animal, Dopamine, Drosophila Proteins, Maternal Behavior, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Muscle Proteins, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Oxytocin, Phenotype, Prolactin}, issn = {0006-3223}, doi = {10.1016/S0006-3223(01)01277-X}, author = {Leckman, J. F. and Herman, A. E.} } @article {698, title = {On the mechanics of economic development}, journal = {Journal of Monetary Economics}, volume = {22}, year = {1988}, month = {Jan-07-1988}, pages = {3 - 42}, issn = {03043932}, doi = {10.1016/0304-3932(88)90168-7}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304393288901687http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0304393288901687?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:0304393288901687?httpAccept=text/plain}, author = {Lucas, Robert E.} } @article {723, title = {Multi-Year Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Resilience-Based Prevention Program for Young Children}, journal = {The Journal of Primary Prevention}, volume = {24}, year = {2003}, month = {Jan-21-2003}, pages = {335 - 353}, doi = {10.1023/B:JOPP.0000018052.12488.d1}, url = {http://link.springer.com/10.1023/B:JOPP.0000018052.12488.d1}, author = {Lynch, Kathleen Bodisch and Geller, Susan Rose and Schmidt, Melinda G.} } @article {7357, title = {Measuring the quality of early childhood education: Associations with children{\textquoteright}s development from a national study with the IMCEIC tool in Colombia}, journal = {Child Development}, volume = {93}, year = {2022}, month = {Jan-01-2022}, pages = {254 - 268}, keywords = {Colombia, early childhood development, Early childhood education, Social Emotional Development}, issn = {0009-3920}, doi = {10.1111/cdev.v93.110.1111/cdev.13665}, url = {https://srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cdev.13665}, author = {Maldonado-Carre{\~n}o, Carolina and Yoshikawa, Hirokazu and Escallon, Eduardo and Ponguta, Liliana~Ang{\'e}lica and Nieto, Ana Mar{\'\i}a and Kagan, Sharon Lynn and Rey-~Guerra, Catalina and Cristancho, Juan Camilo and Mateus, Angy and Caro, Luz Angela and Arag{\'o}n, Carlos Andr{\'e}s and Rodr{\'\i}guez, Ana Mar{\'\i}a and Motta, Andr{\'e}s} } @article {681, title = {Mediation in the schools: Self-regulation, self-esteem, and self-discipline}, journal = {Mediation Quarterly}, volume = {7}, number = {2}, year = {1989}, pages = {149-155}, publisher = {Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company}, isbn = {1932-7544}, doi = {10.1002/crq.3900070206}, author = {Maxwell, Jennifer P.} } @article {435, title = {Maternal care as a model for experience-dependent chromatin plasticity?}, journal = {Trends Neurosci}, volume = {28}, year = {2005}, month = {2005 Sep}, pages = {456-63}, abstract = {

It is widely acknowledged that the nature of the maternal care a child receives can have long-term repercussions, and that children raised in deprived environments can have severe cognitive and behavioural difficulties that last into adulthood. The mechanisms underlying these effects are not understood, but recent data from rodents provide insight into a potential molecular mechanism. Like humans, rodent maternal behaviour towards offspring can effect long-term changes in responses of the offspring to stress throughout the rest of their lives. Remarkably, these changes reflect permanently altered gene expression, so-called \"environmental programming\", and its downstream effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. This review discusses the nature of this environmental programming--the mechanism by which it occurs in rats, its long-term implications, and opportunities for its reversal in rodents and ultimately in humans.

}, keywords = {Animals, Chromatin, Epigenesis, Genetic, Female, Gene Expression, Humans, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Maternal Behavior, Models, Genetic, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Stress, Psychological}, issn = {0166-2236}, doi = {10.1016/j.tins.2005.07.006}, author = {Meaney, Michael J and Szyf, Moshe} } @article {5591, title = {Men and maternal health: The dilemma of short-lived male involvement strategies in Uganda}, journal = {Health Care for Women International}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-04-2020}, pages = {1 - 13}, issn = {0739-9332}, doi = {10.1080/07399332.2018.1466887}, url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07399332.2018.1466887https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07399332.2018.1466887}, author = {Mwije, S.} } @article {3176, title = {Moving from Evidence to Implementation of Early Childhood Programs: Proceedings of a Workshop{\textemdash}in Brief}, year = {2016}, month = {October 21, 2016}, institution = {Forum on Investing in Young Children Globally}, type = {Proceeding}, author = {NationalAcademiesofSciencesEngineeringMedicine} } @article {164, title = {Mental health and childhood adversities: a longitudinal study in Kabul, Afghanistan.}, journal = {J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry}, volume = {50}, year = {2011}, month = {2011 Apr}, pages = {349-63}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: To identify prospective predictors of mental health in Kabul, Afghanistan.

METHOD: Using stratified random-sampling in schools, mental health and life events for 11-to 16-year-old students and their caregivers were assessed. In 2007, 1 year after baseline, the retention rate was 64\% (n = 115 boys, 119 girls, 234 adults) with no evidence of selection bias. Self- and caregiver-rated child mental health (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), depressive (Depression Self-Rating Scale), and posttraumatic stress (Child Revised Impact of Events Scale) symptoms and caregiver mental health (Self-Report Questionnaire) were assessed. Lifetime trauma and past-year traumatic, stressful, and protective experiences were assessed.

RESULTS: With the exception of posttraumatic stress, one-year trajectories for all mental health outcomes showed significant improvement (p \< .001). Family violence had a striking impact on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire data, raising caregiver-rated scores by 3.14 points (confidence interval [CI] 2.21-4.08) or half a standard deviation, and self-rated scores by 1.26 points (CI 0.50-2.03); past-year traumatic beatings independently raised self-rated scores by 1.85 points (CI 0.03-3.66). A major family conflict raised depression scores by 2.75 points (CI 0.89-4.61), two thirds of a standard deviation, whereas improved family life had protective effects. Posttraumatic stress symptom scores, however, were solely contingent on lifetime trauma, with more than three events raising scores by 5.38 points (CI 1.76-9.00).

CONCLUSIONS: Family violence predicted changes in mental health problems other than posttraumatic stress symptoms in a cohort that showed resilience to substantial socioeconomic and war-related stressors. The importance of prospectively identifying impacts of specific types of childhood adversities on mental health outcomes is highlighted to strengthen evidence on key modifiable factors for intervention in war-affected populations.

}, keywords = {Adolescent, Adult, Afghan Campaign 2001-, Afghanistan, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Developing Countries, Domestic Violence, Family Conflict, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mental Disorders, Personality Assessment, Psychometrics, Psychosocial Deprivation, Resilience, Psychological, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Socioeconomic Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic}, issn = {1527-5418}, doi = {10.1016/j.jaac.2010.12.001}, author = {Panter-Brick, C. and Goodman, A. and Tol, W. and Eggerman, M.} } @article {618, title = {Markers That Matter: Success Indicators in Early Learning and Education}, year = {2013}, url = {http://www.fsg.org/publications/markers-matter}, author = {H. Preskill and N. Jones and A. Tengue} } @book {549, title = {Me, Myself and I: How Children Build Their Sense of Self : 18 to 36 Months}, year = {1999}, publisher = {Goddard Press}, organization = {Goddard Press}, isbn = {9780966639742}, url = {https://books.google.com/books?id=bVhEAAAAYAAJ}, author = {Pruett, K. D.} } @inbook {5665, title = {Mental health and development among children living in violent conditions: Underlying processes for promoting peace}, booktitle = {Pathways to peace: The transformative power of children and families}, volume = {15}, year = {2014}, pages = {213 - 232}, publisher = {The MIT Press}, organization = {The MIT Press}, chapter = {12}, abstract = {Peacebuilding is believed to be especially challenging among children who themselves fall victims to collective and interpersonal violence. An intriguing question is whether a focus on trauma, and on healing its negative impacts, is necessary for peacebuilding and societally harmonious human development. Some argue that suffering, pain, and injustice must be recognized and healed if peaceful and harmonious development is to be enabled; others emphasize the importance of positive outcomes despite violence. This chapter analyzes how forms of violence (military and domestic) influence the social, emotional, and cognitive development of children. Particular attention is given to the risks and negative impacts as well as the positive protective processes that promote meaningfulness. It also discusses how psychosocial interventions can enhance positive and peace-enhancing development in community and family domains. The core issue is to create political, societal, and cultural preconditions that will facilitate children{\textquoteright}s mental growth and generative resilience despite violence.}, keywords = {childhood development, early childhood interventions, peacebuilding, Trauma, Violence}, doi = {10.7551/mitpress/9780262027984.003.0012}, url = {https://direct.mit.edu/books/edited-volume/3682/Pathways-to-PeaceThe-Transformative-Power-of}, author = {Punam{\"a}ki, Raija-Leena}, editor = {Leckman, James F. and Panter-Brick, Catherine and Salah, Rima} } @article {5685, title = {Mental health services as a vital component of psychosocial recovery for victims of child trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation}, journal = {Am J Orthopsychiatry}, volume = {88}, number = {3}, year = {2018}, note = {Rafferty, Yvonne
eng
2017/04/11 06:00
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2018;88(3):249-260. doi: 10.1037/ort0000268. Epub 2017 Apr 10.}, pages = {249-260}, abstract = {There has been a plethora of outcomes associated with child trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation; however little attention has been paid to how outcomes are addressed for children who are placed into residential aftercare recovery programs following their identification as victims. Field-based qualitative research was undertaken in South and Southeast Asia, and involved interviews with 213 representatives from U.N. and governmental agencies, nongovernmental organizations, and residential aftercare recovery programs. Findings highlight the mental health needs of child victims of trafficking for commercial sexual exploitation, describe the availability and quality of mental health services and supports in aftercare programs to address prevailing needs and repair the psychological damage caused by trafficking, and report on lessons learned pertaining to elements of good practice and related challenges associated with the availability and quality of mental health services and supports. It concludes by highlighting the implications of the findings for mental health policy and practice and offers suggestions for further research. (PsycINFO Database Record}, isbn = {1939-0025 (Electronic)
0002-9432 (Linking)}, author = {Rafferty, Y.} } @article {5689, title = {Maternal depression and parental distress among families in the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project: Risk factors within the family setting}, journal = {Infant Ment Health J}, volume = {31}, number = {5}, year = {2010}, note = {Rafferty, Yvonne
Griffin, Kenneth W
Robokos, Dimitra
eng
2010/09/01 00:00
Infant Ment Health J. 2010 Sep;31(5):543-569. doi: 10.1002/imhj.20271.}, month = {Sep}, pages = {543-569}, abstract = {This study examined the influence of risk factors within the family environment (inadequate resources, insufficient caregiving support from child{\textquoteright}s father, higher family conflict) on maternal well being (depression and parental distress) using a longitudinal panel research design. Participants consisted of 2,040 low-income mothers of young children enrolled in the Early Head Start (EHS) Research and Evaluation Project. Findings indicated that greater family resources at 14 months had a protective effect on maternal well-being at 36 months, controlling for demographic variables and maternal well-being at 14 months. Furthermore, the effect of family resources on maternal well-being was moderated by father caregiving support, such that family resources were protective, particularly when father caregiving support was lower. Family conflict at 14 months was associated with lower maternal well-being at 36 months, controlling for demographic variables and maternal well-being at 14 months. Our findings suggest that low-income mothers need the support and resources of programs such as EHS to overcome the hurdles and challenges of parenting in high-risk settings. Implications for clinical practice and EHS are discussed.}, isbn = {1097-0355 (Electronic)
0163-9641 (Linking)}, author = {Rafferty, Y. and Griffin, K. W. and Robokos, D.} } @article {459, title = {Mental health of displaced and refugee children resettled in low-income and middle-income countries: risk and protective factors.}, journal = {Lancet}, volume = {379}, year = {2012}, month = {2012 Jan 21}, pages = {250-65}, abstract = {

Children and adolescents who are forcibly displaced represent almost half the world\&$\#$39;s internally displaced and refugee populations. We undertook a two-part systematic search and review of the evidence-base for individual, family, community, and societal risk and protective factors for the mental health outcomes of children and adolescents. Here we review data for displacement to low-income and middle-income settings. We draw together the main findings from reports to identify important issues and establish recommendations for future work. We draw attention to exposure to violence as a well established risk factor for poor mental health. We note the paucity of research into predictor variables other than those in the individual domain and the neglect of other variables for the assessment of causal associations, including potential mediators and moderators identifiable in longitudinal work. We conclude with research and policy recommendations to guide the development and assessment of effective interventions.

}, keywords = {Adolescent, Child, Developing Countries, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Mental Health, Psychology, Adolescent, Psychology, Child, Refugees, War}, issn = {1474-547X}, doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60050-0}, author = {Reed, R. V. and Fazel, M. and Jones, L. and Panter-Brick, C. and Stein, A.} } @article {5970, title = {Media and technology use predicts ill-being among children, preteens and teenagers independent of the negative health impacts of exercise and eating habits}, journal = {Computers in Human Behavior}, volume = {35}, year = {2014}, month = {Jan-06-2014}, pages = {364 - 375}, issn = {07475632}, doi = {10.1016/j.chb.2014.01.036}, url = {https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S074756321400048Xhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S074756321400048X?httpAccept=text/xmlhttps://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S074756321400048X?httpAccept=text/plain}, author = {Rosen, L.D. and Lim, A.F. and Felt, J. and Carrier, L.M. and Cheever, N.A. and Lara-Ruiz, J.M. and Mendoza, J.S. and Rokkum, J.} } @article {7387, title = {Masculinities and COVID-19: Making the Connections}, year = {2020}, institution = {Promundo}, keywords = {COVID-19, masculinities, men, policy}, url = {https://promundoglobal.org/resources/masculinities-and-covid-19-making-the-connections/?lang=english}, author = {Ruxton, S. and Burrell, S.} } @article {5697, title = {Minding the Baby: Enhancing Reflectiveness to Improve Early Health and Relationship Outcomes in an Interdisciplinary Home-Visiting Program}, journal = {Infant Mental Health Journal}, volume = {34}, year = {2013}, month = {Jan-09-2013}, pages = {391 - 405}, doi = {10.1002/imhj.2013.34.issue-510.1002/imhj.21406}, url = {http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/imhj.2013.34.issue-5http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/imhj.21406https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002\%2Fimhj.21406}, author = {Sadler, Lois S. and Slade, Arietta and Close, Nancy and Webb, Denise L. and Simpson, Tanika and Fennie, Kristopher and Mayes, Linda C.} } @article {201, title = {The mass media and the prevention of child behavior problems: the evaluation of a television series to promote positive outcomes for parents and their children.}, journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry}, volume = {41}, year = {2000}, month = {2000 Oct}, pages = {939-48}, abstract = {

This paper examines the impact of a 12-episode television series, \"Families\", on disruptive child behavior and family adjustment. This media intervention comprises the first of a five-level early intervention parenting and family support strategy, known as Triple P (Positive Parenting Program). Fifty-six parents of children aged between 2 and 8 years were randomly assigned to either watching the television series or to a waitlist control group. Compared to the control group, parents in the television viewing (TV) condition reported significantly lower levels of disruptive child behavior and higher levels of perceived parenting competence, immediately following intervention. Prior to intervention approximately 42.9\% of the children in the TV condition were in the clinically elevated range for disruptive child behavioral problems. This had reduced to 14.3 \% following intervention. In addition, a high level of consumer acceptability was reported by parents in the TV condition. All post-intervention effects were maintained at 6-month follow-up. Implications for public health approaches to family mental health are discussed.

}, keywords = {Adult, Australia, Child Behavior Disorders, Child, Preschool, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Media, Parenting, Parents, Primary Prevention, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Television, Treatment Outcome}, issn = {0021-9630}, author = {Sanders, M R and Montgomery, D T and Brechman-Toussaint, M L} } @article {5066, title = {Maximizing the potential of early childhood education to prevent externalizing behavior problems: A meta-analysis}, journal = {J Sch Psychol}, volume = {53}, number = {3}, year = {2015}, note = {Schindler, Holly S
Kholoptseva, Jenya
Oh, Soojin S
Yoshikawa, Hirokazu
Duncan, Greg J
Magnuson, Katherine A
Shonkoff, Jack P
eng
R01 HD073172/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/
Meta-Analysis
Research Support, U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t, Non-P.H.S.
2015/06/10 06:00
J Sch Psychol. 2015 Jun;53(3):243-63. doi: 10.1016/j.jsp.2015.04.001.}, month = {Jun}, pages = {243-63}, abstract = {Early childhood education (ECE) programs offer a promising mechanism for preventing early externalizing behavior problems and later antisocial behavior; yet, questions remain about how to best maximize ECE{\textquoteright}s potential. Using a meta-analytic database of 31 studies, we examined the overall effect of ECE on externalizing behavior problems and the differential effects of 3 levels of practice, each with increasing specificity and intensity aimed at children{\textquoteright}s social and emotional development. In short, we found that each successive level of programs did a better job than the prior level at reducing externalizing behavior problems. Level 1 programs, or those without a clear focus on social and emotional development, had no significant effects on externalizing behavior problems relative to control groups (ES=.13 SD, p<.10). On the other hand, level 2 programs, or those with a clear but broad focus on social and emotional development, were significantly associated with modest decreases in externalizing behavior problems relative to control groups (ES=-.10 SD, p<.05). Hence, level 2 programs were significantly better at reducing externalizing behavior problems than level 1 programs (ES=-.23 SD, p<.01). Level 3 programs, or those that more intensively targeted children{\textquoteright}s social and emotional development, were associated with additional significant reductions in externalizing behavior problems relative to level 2 programs (ES=-.26 SD, p<.05). The most promising effects came from level 3 child social skills training programs, which reduced externalizing behavior problems half of a standard deviation more than level 2 programs (ES=-.50 SD, p<.05).}, keywords = {*Early Intervention (Education)/methods/standards/statistics \& numerical data, Child, Child Behavior Disorders/*prevention \& control, Child social skills training, Early childhood education, Externalizing behavior problems, Humans, Meta-analysis, prevention}, isbn = {1873-3506 (Electronic)
0022-4405 (Linking)}, author = {Schindler, H. S. and Kholoptseva, J. and Oh, S. S. and Yoshikawa, H. and Duncan, G. J. and Magnuson, K. A. and Shonkoff, J. P.} } @article {399, title = {Mediation as a method of parent intervention in children{\textquoteright}s disputes.}, journal = {J Fam Psychol}, volume = {18}, year = {2004}, month = {2004 Mar}, pages = {147-59}, abstract = {

This study examined the feasibility and short-term effects of mothers\&$\#$39; use of mediation to help children (5 to 8 years) resolve disputes. Families in which mothers were trained to use mediation were compared with control families on intervention strategies at home and discussion of a recurring conflict in the laboratory. With training, mothers could use mediation strategies, and these strategies were favored by both mothers and children. Children responded appropriately to mediation (reasoning, discussing emotions, and understanding motivations more often than in control families). Mediation empowered children, particularly younger siblings, to solve conflict issues. Although questions of the long-term implications of mediation remain, this study suggests that mediation may be a powerful parenting tool, promoting social understanding and productive conflict resolution.

}, keywords = {Adult, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Conflict (Psychology), Feasibility Studies, Helping Behavior, Humans, Middle Aged, Mothers, Negotiating, Parenting, Sibling Relations}, issn = {0893-3200}, doi = {10.1037/0893-3200.18.1.147}, author = {Siddiqui, Afshan and Ross, Hildy} } @article {206, title = {Minding the baby a reflective parenting program.}, journal = {Psychoanal Study Child}, volume = {60}, year = {2005}, month = {2005}, pages = {74-100}, abstract = {

Minding the Baby, an interdisciplinary, relationship based home visiting program, was initiated to help young, at-risk new mothers keep their babies (and themselves) \"in mind\" in a variety of ways. The intervention--delivered by a team that includes a nurse practitioner and clinical social worker--uses a mentalization based approach; that is, we work with mothers and babies in a variety of ways to develop mothers\&$\#$39; reflective capacities. This approach--which is an adaptation of both nurse home visiting and infant-parent psychotherapy models--seems particularly well suited to highly traumatized mothers and their families, as it is aimed at addressing the particular relationship disruptions that stem from mothers\&$\#$39; early trauma and derailed attachment history. We discuss the history of psychoanalytically oriented and attachment based mother-infant intervention, the theoretical assumptions of mentalization theory, and provide an overview of the Minding the Baby program. The treatments of two teenage mothers and their infants are described.

}, keywords = {Adult, Child of Impaired Parents, Education, Family Therapy, Female, House Calls, Humans, Infant, Life Change Events, Male, Mothers, Patient Care Team, Personal Construct Theory, Psychoanalytic Therapy, Reactive Attachment Disorder}, issn = {0079-7308}, author = {Slade, Arietta and Sadler, Lois and De Dios-Kenn, Cheryl and Webb, Denise and Currier-Ezepchick, Janice and Mayes, Linda} } @article {402, title = {The Mothers and Toddlers Program, an attachment-based parenting intervention for substance using women: post-treatment results from a randomized clinical pilot.}, journal = {Attach Hum Dev}, volume = {12}, year = {2010}, month = {2010 Sep}, pages = {483-504}, abstract = {

This is a report of post-treatment findings from a completed randomized pilot study testing the preliminary efficacy of the Mothers and Toddlers Program (MTP), a 12 week attachment-based individual parenting therapy for mothers enrolled in substance abuse treatment and caring for children ages birth to 36 months. Forty-seven mothers were randomized to MTP versus the Parent Education Program (PE), a comparison intervention providing individual case management and child guidance brochures. At post-treatment, MTP mothers demonstrated better reflective functioning in the Parent Development Interview, representational coherence and sensitivity, and caregiving behavior than PE mothers. Partial support was also found for proposed mechanisms of change in the MTP model. Together, preliminary findings suggest that attachment-based interventions may be more effective than traditional parent training for enhancing relationships between substance using women and their young children.

}, keywords = {Adult, Caregivers, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Intention to Treat Analysis, Interviews as Topic, Male, Maternal Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Mothers, Object Attachment, Parenting, Pilot Projects, Substance-Related Disorders, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult}, issn = {1469-2988}, doi = {10.1080/14616734.2010.501983}, author = {Suchman, Nancy E and DeCoste, Cindy and Castiglioni, Nicole and McMahon, Thomas J and Rounsaville, Bruce and Mayes, Linda} } @article {4546, title = {Maternal brain response to own baby-cry is affected by cesarean section delivery}, journal = {J Child Psychol Psychiatry}, volume = {49}, number = {10}, year = {2008}, note = {Swain, James E
Tasgin, Esra
Mayes, Linda C
Feldman, Ruth
Constable, R Todd
Leckman, James F
eng
K05 DA020091-01/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/
K05MH076273/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
K05 DA020091/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/
T32 MH018268/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
K05 MH076273/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
K05DA020091/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/
K05 MH076273-01/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
Comparative Study
Controlled Clinical Trial
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov{\textquoteright}t
England
2008/09/06 09:00
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2008 Oct;49(10):1042-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01963.x. Epub 2008 Sep 3.}, month = {Oct}, pages = {1042-52}, abstract = {A range of early circumstances surrounding the birth of a child affects peripartum hormones, parental behavior and infant wellbeing. One of these factors, which may lead to postpartum depression, is the mode of delivery: vaginal delivery (VD) or cesarean section delivery (CSD). To test the hypothesis that CSD mothers would be less responsive to own baby-cry stimuli than VD mothers in the immediate postpartum period, we conducted functional magnetic resonance imaging, 2-4 weeks after delivery, of the brains of six mothers who delivered vaginally and six who had an elective CSD. VD mothers{\textquoteright} brains were significantly more responsive than CSD mothers{\textquoteright} brains to their own baby-cry in the superior and middle temporal gyri, superior frontal gyrus, medial fusiform gyrus, superior parietal lobe, as well as regions of the caudate, thalamus, hypothalamus, amygdala and pons. Also, within preferentially active regions of VD brains, there were correlations across all 12 mothers with out-of-magnet variables. These include correlations between own baby-cry responses in the left and right lenticular nuclei and parental preoccupations (r = .64, p < .05 and .67, p < .05 respectively), as well as in the superior frontal cortex and Beck depression inventory (r = .78, p < .01). First this suggests that VD mothers are more sensitive to own baby-cry than CSD mothers in the early postpartum in sensory processing, empathy, arousal, motivation, reward and habit-regulation circuits. Second, independent of mode of delivery, parental worries and mood are related to specific brain activations in response to own baby-cry.}, keywords = {*Crying, *Maternal Behavior, *Parenting, Adult, Brain/*physiology, Cesarean Section/*psychology, Connecticut, Echo-Planar Imaging, Empathy, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Linear Models, Middle Aged, Postpartum Period}, isbn = {1469-7610 (Electronic)
0021-9630 (Linking)}, author = {Swain, J. E. and Tasgin, E. and Mayes, L. C. and Feldman, R. and Constable, R. T. and Leckman, J. F.} } @article {404, title = {Mothers{\textquoteright} AdvocateS In the Community (MOSAIC)--non-professional mentor support to reduce intimate partner violence and depression in mothers: a cluster randomised trial in primary care.}, journal = {BMC Public Health}, volume = {11}, year = {2011}, month = {2011}, pages = {178}, abstract = {

BACKGROUND: Effective interventions to increase safety and wellbeing of mothers experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV) are scarce. As much attention is focussed on professional intervention, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of non-professional mentor support in reducing IPV and depression among pregnant and recent mothers experiencing, or at risk of IPV.

METHODS: MOSAIC was a cluster randomised trial in 106 primary care (maternal and child health nurse and general practitioner) clinics in Melbourne, Australia. 63/106 clinics referred 215 eligible culturally and linguistically diverse women between January 2006 and December 2007. 167 in the intervention (I) arm, and 91 in the comparison (C) arm. 174 (80.9\%) were recruited. 133 (76.4\%) women (90 I and 43 C) completed follow-up at 12 months.

INTERVENTION: 12 months of weekly home visiting from trained and supervised local mothers, (English \& Vietnamese speaking) offering non-professional befriending, advocacy, parenting support and referrals.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcomes; IPV (Composite Abuse Scale CAS) and depression (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale EPDS); secondary measures included wellbeing (SF-36), parenting stress (PSI-SF) and social support (MOS-SF) at baseline and follow-up.

ANALYSIS: Intention-to-treat using multivariable logistic regression and propensity scoring.

RESULTS: There was evidence of a true difference in mean abuse scores at follow-up in the intervention compared with the comparison arm (15.9 vs 21.8, AdjDiff -8.67, CI -16.2 to -1.15). There was weak evidence for other outcomes, but a trend was evident favouring the intervention: proportions of women with CAS scores \≥ 7, 51/88 (58.4\%) vs 27/42 (64.3\%) AdjOR 0.47, CI 0.21 to 1.05); depression (EPDS score \≥ 13) (19/85, 22\% (I) vs 14/43, 33\% (C); AdjOR 0.42, CI 0.17 to 1.06); physical wellbeing mean scores (PCS-SF36: AdjDiff 2.79; CI -0.40 to 5.99); mental wellbeing mean scores (MCS-SF36: AdjDiff 2.26; CI -1.48 to 6.00). There was no observed effect on parenting stress. 82\% of women mentored would recommend mentors to friends in similar situations.

CONCLUSION: Non-professional mentor mother support appears promising for improving safety and enhancing physical and mental wellbeing among mothers experiencing intimate partner violence referred from primary care.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12607000010493http://www.anzctr.org.au.

}, keywords = {Adult, Australia, Cluster Analysis, Depression, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Lost to Follow-Up, Maternal Health Services, Mentors, Mothers, Outcome Assessment (Health Care), Pregnancy, Pregnant Women, Primary Health Care, Social Support, Spouse Abuse}, issn = {1471-2458}, doi = {10.1186/1471-2458-11-178}, author = {Taft, Angela J and Small, Rhonda and Hegarty, Kelsey L and Watson, Lyndsey F and Gold, Lisa and Lumley, Judith A} } @article {4931, title = {Mental health and psychosocial support in humanitarian settings: linking practice and research}, journal = {Lancet}, volume = {378}, number = {9802}, year = {2011}, note = {Tol, Wietse A
Barbui, Corrado
Galappatti, Ananda
Silove, Derrick
Betancourt, Theresa S
Souza, Renato
Golaz, Anne
van Ommeren, Mark
eng
K01 MH077246/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/
Comparative Study
Review
England
2011/10/20 06:00
Lancet. 2011 Oct 29;378(9802):1581-91. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61094-5. Epub 2011 Oct 16.}, month = {Oct 29}, pages = {1581-91}, abstract = {This review links practice, funding, and evidence for interventions for mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in humanitarian settings. We studied practice by reviewing reports of mental health and psychosocial support activities (2007-10); funding by analysis of the financial tracking service and the creditor reporting system (2007-09); and interventions by systematic review and meta-analysis. In 160 reports, the five most commonly reported activities were basic counselling for individuals (39\%); facilitation of community support of vulnerable individuals (23\%); provision of child-friendly spaces (21\%); support of community-initiated social support (21\%); and basic counselling for groups and families (20\%). Most interventions took place and were funded outside national mental health and protection systems. 32 controlled studies of interventions were identified, 13 of which were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that met the criteria for meta-analysis. Two studies showed promising effects for strengthening community and family supports. Psychosocial wellbeing was not included as an outcome in the meta-analysis, because its definition varied across studies. In adults with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), meta-analysis of seven RCTs showed beneficial effects for several interventions (psychotherapy and psychosocial supports) compared with usual care or waiting list (standardised mean difference [SMD] -0.38, 95\% CI -0.55 to -0.20). In children, meta-analysis of four RCTs failed to show an effect for symptoms of PTSD (-0.36, -0.83 to 0.10), but showed a beneficial effect of interventions (group psychotherapy, school-based support, and other psychosocial support) for internalising symptoms (six RCTs; SMD -0.24, -0.40 to -0.09). Overall, research and evidence focuses on interventions that are infrequently implemented, whereas the most commonly used interventions have had little rigorous scrutiny.}, keywords = {*Altruism, *Biomedical Research, *Mental Health, Academic Medical Centers, Adult, Connecticut, Counseling, Female, Humans, Interdisciplinary Communication, Male, Mental Disorders/economics/*therapy, Mental Health Services/*organization \& administration, Practice Patterns, Physicians{\textquoteright}, Program Evaluation, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychology, Psychotherapy/economics/methods, Treatment Outcome}, isbn = {1474-547X (Electronic)
0140-6736 (Linking)}, author = {Tol, W. A. and Barbui, C. and Galappatti, A. and Silove, D. and Betancourt, T. S. and Souza, R. and Golaz, A. and van Ommeren, M.} } @article {5791, title = {Missing out: Refugee education in crisis}, year = {2016}, institution = {UNHCR}, abstract = {Opportunities to learn diminish greatly when children are forced to flee their homes and as they grow older, a troubling report from UNHCR has found.}, keywords = {inequality, refugee and migrant children, refugee education}, url = {http://www.unhcr.org/missing-out-state-of-education-for-the-worlds-refugees.html}, author = {UNHCR} } @article {7177, title = {Mental health and psychosocial support for children in humanitarian settings: An updated review of evidence and practice (November 2020)}, year = {2021}, institution = {UNICEF}, address = {New York City}, keywords = {Education, Health, Human Rights, Protection}, url = {https://reliefweb.int/report/world/mental-health-and-psychosocial-support-children-humanitarian-settings-updated-review}, author = {UNICEF} } @article {5785, title = {Mapping the global goals for sustainable development and the Convention on the Rights of the Child}, year = {2016}, institution = {UNICEF}, address = {New York, NY}, keywords = {Convention on the Rights of the Child, sustainable development goals}, url = {https://www.unicef.org/agenda2030/files/SDG-CRC_mapping_FINAL.pdf}, author = {UNICEF and Wernham, M.} } @article {7347, title = {Missing from the story: The urgent need for better data to protect children on the move. IDAC Data InSIGHT $\#$ 1}, year = {2021}, institution = {UNICEF}, keywords = {child rights and protection, migrant and refugee children}, url = {https://data.unicef.org/resources/idac-data-insight-1/}, author = {UNICEF} } @article {738, title = {A multi-site evaluation of Parents Raising Safe Kids Violence Prevention Program}, journal = {Children and Youth Services Review}, volume = {33}, year = {2011}, month = {Jan-10-2011}, pages = {1960 - 1967}, issn = {01907409}, doi = {10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.05.022}, url = {http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0190740911002003http://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0190740911002003?httpAccept=text/xmlhttp://api.elsevier.com/content/article/PII:S0190740911002003?httpAccept=text/plain}, author = {Weymouth, Lindsay Adelman and Howe, Tasha R.} } @article {6139, title = {Measuring the cost of investing in early childhood interventions and applications of a standardized costing tool}, journal = {Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences}, volume = {1419}, year = {2018}, month = {Jan-05-2018}, pages = {74 - 89}, keywords = {early childhood development; early childhood education; costs; quality; financing}, doi = {10.1111/nyas.2018.1419.issue-110.1111/nyas.13679}, url = {https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/nyas.13679}, author = {Gustafsson-Wright, Emily and Boggild-Jones, Izzy}, editor = {Yousafzai, Aisha K. and Aboud, Frances E. and Nores, Milagros and Britto, Pia R.} }