@article {383, title = {Universal parenting programme to prevent early childhood behavioural problems: cluster randomised trial.}, journal = {BMJ}, volume = {336}, year = {2008}, month = {2008 Feb 9}, pages = {318-21}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a parenting programme, offered universally in primary care, can prevent behavioural problems in children and improve parenting and maternal mental health.

DESIGN: Cluster randomised trial.

SETTING: 40 primary care nursing centres (clusters) in Victoria, Australia.

PARTICIPANTS: 733 English speaking mothers of 8 month old children sequentially recruited from well child appointments; 656 retained at 24 months.

INTERVENTION: Structured three session programme at age 8-15 months, co-led by well child providers and a parenting expert. The programme covered normal development and behaviour, strategies to increase desired behaviour, and strategies to reduce unwanted behaviour.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Maternal report of child externalising behaviour (child behavior checklist 1(1/2)-5 year old), parenting (parent behavior checklist), and maternal mental health (depression anxiety stress scales) at 18 and 24 months.

RESULTS: At 18 months, child behaviour and parenting scores were similar in the two groups. At 24 months, externalising scores in the intervention and control groups were similar (mean 11.9 (SD 7.2) v 12.9 (7.4)); however, on the parent behavior checklist subscale scores, intervention group parents were less likely to report harsh/abusive parenting (mean 38.9 (SD 7.7) v 40.5 (8.8); adjusted mean difference -1.83, 95\% confidence interval -3.12 to -0.55) and unreasonable expectations of child development (40.9 (9.9) v 42.7 (9.6); -2.18, -3.74 to -0.62). Mean scores for nurturing parenting and maternal mental health were similar in the two groups at both times.

CONCLUSIONS: A universal parenting programme resulted in modest improvement in parenting factors that predict behavioural problems in children but did not reduce externalising behavioural problems or affect maternal mental health at 2 years. Trial registration ISRCTN 77531789.

}, keywords = {Adult, Child Behavior Disorders, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Mental Health, Mothers, Parenting, Psychotherapy, Group, Treatment Outcome, Victoria}, issn = {1756-1833}, doi = {10.1136/bmj.39451.609676.AE}, author = {Hiscock, Harriet and Bayer, Jordana K and Price, Anna and Ukoumunne, Obioha C and Rogers, Susan and Wake, Melissa} }