@article {257, title = {A review of electrophysiology in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: I. Qualitative and quantitative electroencephalography.}, journal = {Clin Neurophysiol}, volume = {114}, year = {2003}, month = {2003 Feb}, pages = {171-83}, abstract = {

OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the electroencephalography (EEG) literature in relation to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD).

METHODS: The review briefly outlines the history of the disorder, focusing on the changing diagnostic systems which both reflect and constrain research into AD/HD. Both qualitative and quantitative EEG studies are examined, and their results are discussed in relation to various models of AD/HD. Implications of these data for future research and development in AD/HD are considered.

RESULTS: In terms of resting EEG, elevated relative theta power, and reduced relative alpha and beta, together with elevated theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios, are most reliably associated with AD/HD. Theta/alpha and theta/beta ratios also discriminate diagnostic subgroups of AD/HD. Recent studies of EEG heterogeneity in this disorder indicate the existence of different profiles of cortical anomalies which may cut across diagnostic types.

CONCLUSIONS: The research to date has identified a substantial number of EEG correlates of AD/HD which hold promise for improving our understanding of the brain dysfunction(s) underlying the disorder. Further work in this field may benefit from a broader conceptual approach, integrating EEG and other measures of brain function.

}, keywords = {Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Electroencephalography, Humans}, issn = {1388-2457}, doi = {10.1016/S1388-2457(02)00362-0}, author = {Barry, Robert J and Clarke, Adam R and Johnstone, Stuart J} }